Seaham, West Wallsend, Fairley and Killingworth Railway

Item details

Name of item: Seaham, West Wallsend, Fairley and Killingworth Railway
Other name/s: West Wallsend and Monkwearmouth Joint Railway
Type of item: Archaeological-Terrestrial
Group/Collection: Transport - Rail
Category: Railway
Primary address: Cockle Creek to Seaham No 1 Colliery at Seahampton with branches to Fairley and Killingworth, Barnsely, NSW 2278
Local govt. area: Lake Macquarie
All addresses
Street AddressSuburb/townLGAParishCountyType
Cockle Creek to Seaham No 1 Colliery at Seahampton with branches to Fairley and KillingworthBarnselyLake Macquarie  Primary Address
 HolmesvilleLake Macquarie  Alternate Address
 KillingworthLake Macquarie  Alternate Address
 West WallsendLake Macquarie  Alternate Address

Statement of significance:

SIGNIFICANCE - 1993: The Railway was crucial to the establishment & viability of the West Wallsend district Collieries.
The railway provided the only practical means by which their coal was got to customers.
The cheapness & reliability of rail transport, & the link to the Newcastle Port coal loaders,
were major factors in the operating efficiency & profitability of the local collieries.
The Railway is thought to be the only privately run railway in NSW which had a regular passenger service for an extended length of time (about 30 years).
The Railway was an integral part of community life, providing the main means of communication with Newcastle & the outside world for West Wallsend people for 15 years before the tram service started.
The Railway has great potential for re-use as a cycleway and heritage trail.
LEVEL of SIGNIFICANCE - 1993: Regional Significance - high
Local Significance - very high
Group Significance - very high
Date significance updated: 17 Jun 08
Note: The State Heritage Inventory provides information about heritage items listed by local and State government agencies. The State Heritage Inventory is continually being updated by local and State agencies as new information becomes available. Read the Department of Premier and Cabinet copyright and disclaimer.

Description

Designer/Maker: West Wallsend Coal Co. & Monkwearmouth Colliery Estate Co.of Australia
Builder/Maker: F. Kerwin contractor (cost 16,000 pounds)
Physical description: PHYSICAL CHARACTERISTICS - 1993:
DESCRIPTION: Built by the West Wallsend Coal Company Limited and the Monkwearmouth Colliery Estate Company of Australia Ltd., as a private Standard Gauge line, joining the (soon to be completed) Newcastle to Sydney Government line at Cockle Creek Station, east of Cockle Creek. The first stop on the colliery line was the Cockle Creek Exchange Sidings. These were 0.8 km west of Cockle Creek. Coal trains stopped at the sidings to be changed from Colliery locos to Government locos, before running on the Government rail line to local customers, or to the hydraulic powered coal loaders at The Dyke, on Bullock Island. Colliery line passenger train locos crossed Cockle Creek to the Station, where passengers changed trains to continue their journey on north or south-bound Government trains. From the Exchange Sidings, trains on the private line travelled about 3 km west through the bush and turned north to Barnsley Platform. They then travelled alongside the Barnsley - West Wallsend (Appletree) road for about 1.6 km, turned west, and then north to Holmesville Platform (HV-24). The line
continued north across Killingworth Road, and skirted the western edge of West Wallsend township, passed through West Wallsend Station near the Museum Hotel, and travelled north-east to reach West Wallsend (No.1) Colliery, 5 miles 21 chains (8.5 km) from Cockle Creek. The line then turned north to reach Seaham No.1 Colliery, a further 51 chains (1 km) from West Wallsend (No.1) Colliery.

There appears to have been no turntables or reversing spurs on the line or the branches, so all trains must have been pushed to their destination on one journey, and pulled on the return journey, with the locomotives spending half their life travelling backwards. It seems likely that the locos would normally pull the full coal wagons to Cockle Creek, and push the empty ones back to the collieries.

BRANCH LINE to KILLINGWORTH: First named "The Newcastle New Wallsend Railway", this was a branch line leaving the colliery main line south of Barnsley, and travelling west for 2 miles 19 chains (3.6 km) to the colliery at Killingworth (later to be named West Wallsend Extended Colliery). The line is said to have been laid with 60 lb/yd rail (which seems very light).

BRANCH LINE to FAIRLEY: This line was built to service Seaham No.2 Colliery. It left the colliery main line south of Holmesville, and travelled 1 mile 69 chains (3 km) west to the Seaham No.2 Colliery, passing through a small cutting and over a creek. It is understood that a bridge survives.

CONSERVATION ACTION & INTERPRETATION:
None at present. Recommend conservation and interpretation and re-use of the railway as a cycleway, footpath & bridle path and/or heritage trail.
Further information: Route extends from about Map Grid 367300E 6359500N, to about 371200E 6354100N.
Current use: 1993: none

History

Historical notes: HISTORICAL NOTES - 1993: The West Wallsend and Monkwearmouth Railway Act, passed in 1886, allowed the two colliery companies to build a railway to service their proposed mines. The line was first planned to go through Young Wallsend (Edgeworth), but in July 1887 the companies changed the route to a line going to Cockle Creek. Mr F. Kerwin was the contractor and the cost was 16,000 pounds. Construction went quickly, and on the 16th May 1888, the first (unofficial) load of coal was taken from West Wallsend No.1 Colliery to the Bullock Island coal loaders. The railway was officially opened the same day as the Mine, on 3rd July 1888, with great celebrations and a special passenger train brought in from Newcastle. Regular passenger trains started 1st February 1895, from Cockle Creek Station to West Wallsend. Passenger numbers dwindled after the steam tram to West Wallsend was established in 1910. There was a manned platform at West Wallsend, demand stops at Holmesville and Barnsley, and the West Wallsend Mine Manager (McGeachie) had his own private platform close to his house.

During a miner's strike early in the railway's history, it was used to carry in non-union, inexperienced men to work the mine, guarded by police and artillerymen. Luckily no shots were fired. There was never any recorded loss of life on the lines, but a couple of quite spectacular derailments. One which occurred in 1927, outside the Cockle Creek Power Station construction works, was said to have been caused because the crew were distracted by watching the riggers at work, and failed to see some loaded wagons ahead.

The company took advantage of a lockout and subsequent strike in 1929/30 to close the passenger service on 13th January 1930. But trains still operated hauling coal from Seaham until Seaham No.1 Colliery closed in 1932. After that a goods service to West Wallsend survived until 26th November 1938. It carried goods for the Co-op and beer for the pubs mainly, and was finally closed because of high costs and diminishing use. The railway line was formally closed in 1962. The company (by then Coal & Allied) started removing the lines in 1968. Some of the steel was scrapped, and some was used in other company collieries. The path of the railway is still clearly marked and the land apparently has not been alienated.

BRANCH LINE to KILLINGWORTH - from Barnsley. The line was at first distinguished by the grand name of "The Newcastle New Wallsend Railway", & was built without a special Act of Parliament. It was built in 1890, but 7 years passed, during which the company had changed hands and name, before coal in any quantity was moved over the line. The Colliery was officially opened in October 1897. The line was never officially used for passengers, but occasionally a passenger train would pick up at the Killingworth Hotel, to take miners and their families to picnics, and people would use stools to climb into the carriages. A spur on the line was used for dumping spoil (shale and stone) and this became a hill 1200 feet long, 300 feet wide and 80 feet high. Another siding was intended for dumping small coal, and then later as a coal stockpile in case of lockouts or strikes.

The mine at Killingworth worked sporadically until 1930, when it was closed. It was re-opened in 1950, & the railway carried its coal until 1956, and for Mt Sugarloaf No.1 Colliery in 1951 & 1952. This private company used the line to get its coal into Cockle Creek Power Station, until (presumably) double handling became too costly. The last train of coal from West Wallsend Extended screens was loaded on 9th November 1956, but the railway remained open for some years, moving stockpiled coal, reclaiming machinery, shunting coal for the Power Station at Cockle Creek, but principally for getting coal wagons back and forth to the wagon repair shops at Killingworth. The repair shops were closed and the last train ran from Killingworth on 28th April 1961.

BRANCH LINE to FAIRLEY - from south of Holmesville. This branch line to Seaham No.2 Colliery was opened in 1905, and carried large amounts of coal out for many years with little trouble except for a derailment in 1926. Seaham No.2 Colliery closed in 1945, and the branch line was unused thereafter except for hauling out the colliery equipment.

Recommended management:

RECOMMENDATION - 1993: Recommend interpretation and re-use of the railway and the branch lines as cycleways, footpaths & bridle paths and/or heritage trails.

Recommendations

Management CategoryDescriptionDate Updated
Statutory InstrumentList on a Local Environmental Plan (LEP)17 Jun 08
Recommended ManagementCarry out an Archaeological Assessment17 Jun 08
Recommended ManagementDocument and prepare an archival record17 Jun 08
Recommended ManagementCarry out interpretation, promotion and/or education17 Jun 08

Listings

Heritage ListingListing TitleListing NumberGazette DateGazette NumberGazette Page
Local Environmental PlanLake Macquarie Local Environmental Plan 2004RT-0919 Mar 14   
Local Environmental PlanLake Macquarie Local Environmental Plan 20141010 Oct 14   

Study details

TitleYearNumberAuthorInspected byGuidelines used
City of Lake Macquarie Heritage Study1993RT-09Suters Architects Snell, Dr J. Turner, C & MJ Doring Pty LtdDoring (part in 1991) Yes

References, internet links & images

TypeAuthorYearTitleInternet Links
WrittenSingleton, C.C.1966"The Short North", Aust.Railway Hist.Soc. Bn.340, Feb.1966.
Writtenvarious contributing authors1988'Neath Mount Sugarloaf, (Book 2 of 3)
Writtenvarious contributing authors 'Neath Mount Sugarloaf, (Books 1 to 3)

Note: internet links may be to web pages, documents or images.

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Data source

The information for this entry comes from the following source:
Name: Local Government
Database number: 1910143


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