1942 Ford 21W Fire Brigade Mobile Canteen

Item details

Name of item: 1942 Ford 21W Fire Brigade Mobile Canteen
Other name/s: No. 1 Canteen
Type of item: Movable / Collection
Group/Collection: Utilities - Fire Control
Category: Fire Control Objects (movable)
Primary address: 1 Museum Drive, Penrith, NSW 2750
Parish: Castlereagh
County: Cumberland
Local govt. area: Penrith
All addresses
Street AddressSuburb/townLGAParishCountyType
1 Museum DrivePenrithPenrithCastlereaghCumberlandPrimary Address

Owner/s

Organisation NameOwner CategoryDate Ownership Updated
Fire and Rescue NSWState Government 

Statement of significance:

The 1942 Ford 21W Mobile Canteen demonstrates the ongoing process of the development of Fire Brigade equipment. It is an example of the evolution of 'support' equipment, which is vital to the efficient management of firefighting personnel at major emergency incidents. This process is ongoing, and is a response, by the brigade, to ever-changing and increasing challenges, which the brigade must cope with, in its endeavours to provide adequate fire protection to the community.

The canteen has an historical association with the (now defunct) Women’s Fire Auxiliary. This group was inaugurated during the Second World War, both as a means for women to contribute to the war effort, and as an attempt to free permanent firefighting personnel from non-firefighting duties, during emergency operations. As well as taking over non-firefighting roles, the WFA was heavily involved in fundraising, and this canteen is an extant example of the fruit of their work. The money, which financed this vehicle, was raised by means of some 104 fundraising functions, the most significant of which, was a Queen Competition. The WFA was disbanded at the conclusion of the war when the brigade was, once again, ‘normalised’.

Being based upon the design of the WANS’ (Women’s Australian National Service) canteens, the canteen is representative of mobile canteens being used in Sydney during the war years. Its high degree of integrity qualifies it as an outstanding representative of its class, and also adds to its degree of rarity. The canteen is the first, and one of only two motorised canteens built and used by the NSW Fire Brigades. Research has been unable to locate any other extant vehicles of this type, and thus it qualifies as a rare item.
Date significance updated: 15 Nov 04
Note: The State Heritage Inventory provides information about heritage items listed by local and State government agencies. The State Heritage Inventory is continually being updated by local and State agencies as new information becomes available. Read the Department of Premier and Cabinet copyright and disclaimer.

Description

Designer/Maker: Motor/Chassis - Ford Motor Company; Body - Fire Brigade Workshops
Builder/Maker: Motor/Chassis - Ford Motor Co; Body - Brigade Workshops; Interior - Gough Bros & F.G. O'Brien
Construction years: 1943-1944
Physical description: The 1942 Ford 21W Mobile Canteen consists of a body, constructed by the Brigade workshops, mounted on a 1942 ‘Cab Over Engine’ chassis. The motor is a V Type, 90º, 8 Cylinder, 90hp engine (No. 3G36649F). On the passenger side, external wall, a brass plaque is mounted with the inscription: - "This canteen was provided from funds raised by the Women’s Fire Auxiliary with the co-operation of Fire Brigade and friends". The interior, constructed by Gough Bros (Panelling) and F.G. O’Brien (Interior construction), consists of: -

Inside lining: - Three ply with cover strips at all joints.

Upper Front: - An insulated hot water tank (25 gal), which is filled from an external filler located on the roof; a small window (sliding sash); First Aid cabinet; sink with draining board.

Lower Front: - Cabinets with sliding doors.

Upper Right: - Ceiling to floor cupboard with hinged door; pie oven (200 pies) heated by methane gas cylinder; milk urn (4gal) with tap; three insulated (10gal) tea and coffee urns with taps and drip tray; portable fire extinguisher.

Lower: - Cupboards with sliding doors.

Upper Left: - Cupboard with sliding Glass doors; Cupboard with hinged door; two canopy flaps.

Lower Left: - Two counter flaps; one bench extending the full length of the canteen area; cupboards under bench with sliding doors containing racks for 400 mugs; three drawers for cutlery and plates.

Rear: - Entry door

Under floor area: - Lockers built under floor level to carry spare wheel; tools; hose; etc.
Physical condition and/or
Archaeological potential:
Physical Condition - Fair; Archaeological Potential - Low
Date condition updated:01 Mar 05
Modifications and dates: The three insulated coffee/tea urns and the milk container are no longer in the appliance. The date of removal is unknown.
Current use: In storage for preservation purposes.
Former use: Firefighting Operational Support Appliance

History

Historical notes: In the 1942 Fire Brigade Annual Report, the following statement is made: -

"Resulting from the activities of the members of the Women’s Fire Auxiliary, a sum of £3323/7/4 was raised and handed to the Board for the purpose of providing mobile canteen facilities for the NSW Fire Service." - NSWFBAR 1942:3.

What was the Women’s Fire Auxiliary?

The Woman’s Fire Auxiliary was inaugurated in June 1940, as a means for women to assist in the War Effort. Lady Wakehurst, the wife of the Governor of NSW, was a driving force in the formation of the WFA, and was subsequently elected president. The first members were recruited from the WANS (Women’s Australian National Service), and among other things, were put through an eight week course in Air Raid Procedures, , dealing with incendiary bombs, fires in the home, rescue work, first aid, operating chemical extinguishers, operating fire alarms, station procedures, and Watchroom Duties. On passing an examination, they were attached to the station in their locality, and continued to advance in their training from there. They did one night per week of drill for 1 ½ hours, and another night of Watchroom duty. They were initially recruited from 30-45 year old members of the WANS, and were supplied with a uniform consisting of tunic, skirt, hat, gloves, stockings shoes, shirt, tie, lapel badge, Duperite helmet, overalls and two shoulder badges. This age restriction was later relaxed, and the WFA was opened to members of the public. Records show that the WFA had members attached to Headquarters, and District Stations, as early as 1941. With the conclusion of the war, the WFA was disbanded.

Fundraising & Misunderstanding

On 21st July 1942, Florence E Rogers, on behalf of the Women’s Fire Auxiliary, made application to the Deputy Chief Officer W.H. Beare to hold a "... Dance at the Paddington Town Hall, on Friday, 18th September, 1942, proceeds to be in aid of a Mobile Canteen for the Fire Brigade." On 23rd July 1942, Mr Beare wrote to the Chief Officer, informing him of the WFA’s desire to raise money for a mobile canteen, and recommended "... that monies raised at all future functions be donated to this fund until the objective is reached". On 4th August 1942, at a meeting of the Advisory Committee of the Women’s Fire Auxiliary, it was decided that, subject to the approval of the Board of Fire Commissioners, the Women’s Fire Auxiliary should organise social functions with a view to raising £1000, to be presented to the Board of Fire Commissioners for the purchase of a Mobile Canteen. It was also proposed that when the Mobile Canteen was purchased, members of the Women’s Fire Auxiliary should be included in the personnel to man and service it, according to a suitable roster. The Board gave their assent to the first proposal and stated that it would "consider sympathetically" the second proposal, "when occasion arises."
Some 104 functions, including Cocktail Parties, Dances, Housie-Housie, Card Parties, Market Days and Theatre Parties were organised. An Art Union was also organised, with the prizes including a refrigerator, a portable radio set, a vacuum cleaner, a ‘Vacola’ preserving outfit, an electric iron, and an electric hot water jug. The main fundraising function, however, appears to have been a Queen Competition, consisting of eight contestants (one from each Fire District in the Metropolitan Area). The winner of the competition, Mrs Beryl Lester Balzer of Fisher Road, Dee Why, (who raised £812/14/9), was crowned at a "Golden Helmet" Ball on 23rd October 1942, at Sydney Town Hall, and on 4th December 1942, a cheque for £3323/7/4 was handed over at a special ceremony at Paddington Town Hall.
The fundraising appears to have begun in earnest during August of 1942. The following month, (10th September), the Board of Fire Commissioners received a letter from the Fire Brigades’ Association (ie the firemen’s union), stating that, "...whilst commending the Women’s Fire Auxiliary on their enthusiasm generally" the members could more energetically support some more worthy objective of which they are not beneficiaries", (and that) "it would benefit the War effort more if the money raised was donated to a more worthy cause." Following the conclusion of fundraising activities for the canteen on 4th December 1942, a further letter to the Board, dated 11th February 1943, was sent, which stated that since "... many members of the Association have worked enthusiastically with the Women’s Fire Auxiliary towards raising the funds... The Chief Secretary’s Department suggests to the Association that we approach the Board... with a view to co-operating in the expenditure of the funds."
It appears that the union was responding to hearsay when the above letters were written. The minutes of a deputation from the Association to the Board on Wednesday 11th August 1943 indicate that there had been a lack of communication between the WFA and the Association as to the purpose of the Canteen. The Association was of the opinion that the canteen was being purchased specifically for general fire brigade use. They objected to the fact that the WFA began collecting funds for this purpose, without first consulting the Association. "If this canteen was necessary..," (they argued), "...then it should be supplied by other people". They were concerned that "... the appeal was making the men an object of charity." A further concern was that the vehicle would be run by "...the Committee who have been registered by the Chief Secretary to raise funds to purchase it." - meaning the WFA. The President of the Board (T.J. Smith) criticised the Association for their failure to contact the Board on the matter. He stated that, "...if the Fire Brigade Association wants information, they know where to get it." He then proceeded to explain that the situation was quite different to the Association’s understanding of the matter. Basically, a war emergency organization (WFA) had sought permission to raise funds (by public subscription) for the war effort. Having raised the funds the canteen would be presented to the brigade "...primarily having in mind war emergencies, but also for use in case of unusual circumstances in connection with Brigade activities." It would "...be part of the service" (but) "function as a war emergency unit " (to) "assist firemen and anyone else." Permission being granted from the Chief Secretary, the Board was made trustees of the funds raised through the appeal, and, following the canteen’s installation, was to administer the vehicle. This meeting achieved a better understanding and settled the matter.
It should be pointed out that despite the misunderstanding at ‘official’ level, many firemen did, in fact, work enthusiastically during the appeal to support the ladies in their fundraising.

Investigation, Purchasing and Construction

In response to the fundraising initiative of the WFA, the Board of Fire Commissioners instructed Special Officer J. Neville and the Stores Officer (Mr W.Wiggins), to inspect a number of Mobile Canteen Units, which were in use at that time by various organizations, so that "...information might be gathered to facilitate the construction and supply of a similar unit for the NSW Fire Brigades." Of the units inspected, it was considered that the Canteen used by the WANS offered, "...the best utility so far as dispersing refreshments at short notice is concerned." A report from Messrs Neville and Wiggins outlined the layout and facilities of the WANS Canteen, and concluded with the following observations: - "...

a. The selection of suitable chassis will have to be determined in order that the plan of the body and interior equipment might be prepared.
b. Plans are available for inspection of the WANS Unit. This was constructed by the AGL Company on a chassis supplied by that Company.
c. A determination... (was needed) ...as to where the Mobile Canteen unit (would) be housed and the location of a Supply Depot."

A Special Meeting of the Women’s Fire Auxiliary Advisory Committee, which was held at Headquarters on 9/3/1943, resolved that Special Officer J.J. Neville, and a Mr Lucas, should obtain the necessary authority from the Board to purchase a chassis for the Mobile Canteen. Extensive enquiries were made regarding the availability of suitable motor truck chassis, and it was decided that a "...1942 Ford V-8 Model T7460 Chassis, 174 inch wheelbase, quoted at £490/6/0 ..." provided all the features necessary for the purpose. The Committee recommended, that the quotation of Hastings Deering Service Ltd, "... be accepted and an order placed for early delivery." It was subsequently recommended that the Principal Mechanic proceed with the preparation of plans for a suitable body design. However, problems arose in connection with wartime restrictions.

The Board’s minutes of 14/4/1943 report that, ".... As some weeks have elapsed since the order was placed, enquiries were made ... from Mr Dunn of the Department ... (ie Dept of Emergency Road Transport)... and he intimated that all 174 inch wheelbase chassis have been frozen for construction of Omnibuses." Representations were made to the Department of Road Transport for the release of a chassis of the type required by the Board, but the Department replied that, in view of the transport position, it was impossible to accede to the Board’s request. However, further enquiries with Hastings Deering revealed that they were in a position to offer an alternative - a 'cab-over-engine' model truck, which would provide the necessary dimensions for the body required. The Board’s officers investigated the particular features of the chassis and were satisfied that from the "mechanical and carrying points of view", it would be suitable for their purpose.

The matter was referred to the WFA Advisory Committee who, in reply, "...expressed their acceptance of the new type of chassis" (and were) "keenly appreciative of the Board’s action in the matter..." The Stores Supply Committee were careful to stress that the quotation submitted by Hastings Deering for £471/18/0, was tentative only, and subject to confirmation by the Prices Commission, but nevertheless, recommended that an order be placed for the chassis. Unfortunately, more difficulties were to arise.

Delivery of the chassis was delayed owing to the supply of cabs being held up at the wharf in Melbourne because "... higher priority requirements had not permitted (them) to be loaded." Meanwhile, the Board’s Bankers were requesting advice regarding the Board’s intentions concerning the renewal of the fixed deposit of £3305/8/9, which was deposited on 9th March, 1943 for a period of three (3) months. The Board needed to ensure that funds would be available to meet the purchase cost of the chassis when it finally arrived.

By 28th May 1943, the Principle Mechanic had submitted his design for the bodywork and equipment for the mobile canteen; setting out in full detail, the arrangement of the various facilities and estimating the cost of construction at £700. The design was subsequently submitted to the WFA Advisory Committee, which gave its approval.

After receiving tenders from several companies concerning the construction of the body, the Stores Supply Committee decided to consider the matter from the point of view of "construction in the Workshops", with Workshops Officer J. Morris submitting an estimate on the basis of carrying out the body framing at the workshops, but placing the work of panelling and interior fitting with outside, specialist firms.

The Board approved this submission and after taking delivery of the chassis in October 1943, construction of the Canteen commenced.

In December 1943, the Board received a communication from the Advisory Council of the Women’s Fire Auxiliary, containing suggestions on matters such as: - staffing of the canteen; the issue of coupons for "Rationed Goods" from the Rationing Commission; a cigarette licence; and enquiries concerning issues such as where the canteen would be housed. In February 1944, with the construction of the canteen due to be completed towards the end of March, the Board responded by deciding that the Canteen would be controlled by the Board, as an ordinary unit of the Service. It would be located at Headquarters Fire Station "...by using the engine space adjoining the Watchroom." It was decided that premises for cooking, stores etc, would not be necessary, as all the stores would be under the control of the Board’s Officers. The canteen would be staffed by a Brigade driver, who would "... take the appliance to the fire and, if necessary, assistance (would be) obtained from members of the WFA, from the particular District in which the fire" (was located)..." The cigarette licence was not considered advisable.

Canteen in Service

Upon completion, number 1 Canteen (Registration: PB-991) was installed at Headquarters station on 21st July 1944, at a cost of £1968/19/11. The unit operated for the first time at a fire at No. 7A and 7B Wharf, West Circular Quay on Wednesday the 2nd August 1944.

Withdrawal from Service

Having spent its entire service at Headquarters station, the canteen was withdrawn in April 1974. It was replaced by a new motorised canteen, No. 506, which was installed at Headquarters on 31/7/1975. Numbers 1 and 506 canteens are the only motorised canteens ever used by the NSW Fire Brigades. Number 506 was replaced by a caravan fitted out for canteen purposes. The caravan has been superseded by a number of different approaches, in an attempt to cater for the needs of firefighting personnel.

After being withdrawn from service, the Canteen was placed under the custodianship of the Historical Fire Engine Association until1981, when it was presented to the Fire Service Museum. In 1985, the canteen was presented to the Museum of Fire for preservation.

The Canteen still incorporates the original Brass Plaque, which states: - "This canteen was provided from funds raised by the Women’s Fire Auxiliary with the co-operation of Fire Brigade and friends."

Historic themes

Australian theme (abbrev)New South Wales themeLocal theme
3. Economy-Developing local, regional and national economies Technology-Activities and processes associated with the knowledge or use of mechanical arts and applied sciences Improving firefighting techniques, equipment and control.-
3. Economy-Developing local, regional and national economies Transport-Activities associated with the moving of people and goods from one place to another, and systems for the provision of such movements (none)-

Assessment of significance

SHR Criteria a)
[Historical significance]
The Canteen demonstrates the development of firefighting equipment, control and techniques. This vehicle is an example of the development of "support" equipment, which is necessary for efficient firefighting operations. This development is an ongoing process and a response to the constantly evolving and increasing challenges faced by the Fire Brigade, in its efforts to provide adequate fire protection to the community.
SHR Criteria b)
[Associative significance]
The 1942 Ford Canteen has an association with the, now defunct, Women’s Fire Auxiliary, of the Second World War period. This group, which was inaugurated in June 1940, provided a significant means for women to contribute to the war effort at a time when (male) manpower was limited. Their existence allowed the permanent firefighters to be freed from many of the non-firefighting roles during emergency incidents. As well as taking over these roles, the WFA was involved in various fundraising activities, and this canteen is an extant example of the fruits of their work, having been donated to the Fire Brigade by means of funds raised during a Fire Queen Competition. The WFA ,along with their male counterparts, the Reserves and Auxiliary Reserves, were disbanded at the conclusion of the war, when the Brigade became 'normalised'.
SHR Criteria c)
[Aesthetic significance]
N/A
SHR Criteria d)
[Social significance]
N/A
SHR Criteria e)
[Research potential]
N/A
SHR Criteria f)
[Rarity]
The canteen is one of only two motorised vehicles, built and used for this purpose, by the NSW Fire Brigades, (the second being placed into service in 1974). It’s design is based upon that of the WANS mobile canteens, in use during the Second World War. Research has been unable to establish the survival of any of the canteens used by the WANS, and therefore, this vehicle is probably the only extant example of a mobile canteen of that class. This qualifies the Ford Canteen as a rare item. The high integrity of the vehicle, adds to its rarity.
SHR Criteria g)
[Representativeness]
The 1942 Ford Canteen is representative of the mobile canteens used in Sydney, during the Second World War. The design of this vehicle is based upon that of the WANS Mobile Canteens in use at the time, and photographs of both the WFA and WANS canteens, display great similarity, both internally and externally. The canteen's high integrity qualifies it as an outstanding representative of its class.
Integrity/Intactness: The integrity of the Ford canteen is high.
Assessment criteria: Items are assessed against the PDF State Heritage Register (SHR) Criteria to determine the level of significance. Refer to the Listings below for the level of statutory protection.

Recommended management:

The fire engine is on display in the Museum of Fire, Penrith, with the permission of the NSW Fire Brigade.

Listings

Heritage ListingListing TitleListing NumberGazette DateGazette NumberGazette Page
Heritage Act - s.170 NSW State agency heritage register  21 Sep 04   

References, internet links & images

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Data source

The information for this entry comes from the following source:
Name: State Government
Database number: 4690172


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