Fairlight Homestead & Barn

Item details


Name of item:	Fairlight Homestead & Barn
Type of item:	Landscape
Group/Collection:	Farming and Grazing
Category:	Homestead Complex
Location:	Lat: -33.8400830577 Long: 150.6086218590
Primary address:	Fairlight Road, Mulgoa, NSW 2745
Parish:	Mulgoa
County:	Cumberland
Local govt. area:	Penrith
Local Aboriginal Land Council:	Deerubbin

Property description

Lot/Volume Code	Lot/Volume Number	Section Number	Plan/Folio Code	Plan/Folio Number
LOT	22		DP	625510

All addresses

Street Address	Suburb/town	LGA	Parish	County	Type
Fairlight Road	Mulgoa	Penrith	Mulgoa	Cumberland	Primary Address

Owner/s

Organisation Name	Owner Category	Date Ownership Updated
	Private	25 Mar 99

Statement of significance:


	One of the few remaining substantial and well built Victorian houses within the Mulgoa Valley. (Fox & Associates 1987: MV-14) Fairlight is an historic property located on a very elevated site with views across rolling landscapes to Sydney, the Nepean River gorge and to Camden and Mittagong. In 1821 Macquarie gave grants of land, to Nathaniel, James and John Norton. The original homestead was a single storeyed building not unlike Cox's Cottage, Mulgoa or Clarendon, Richmond. It was built in 1821 by Nathaniel Norton who occupied it until his death. At its rear a large 2 storey barn was constructed. The ground floor of the barn was used as a dairy and creamery, with men's quarters and kitchens. The upper floor appears to have been used for industry of some type. Both the barn and homestead exhibit open-roofed iron roof trusses of great architectural interest (Branch Manager's Report no.35/83, 3/2/1983, 1). The property is also associated with later owners William Helleyer, Sydney solicitor, William Jarret, Sydney businessman for grape growing, wine making, fruit growing and drying and meat curing. (Norrie, 1990 & Cox Tanner P/L, 1981). The original 1821 house stood beside the Port Jackson figs, remnants of the original garden including a row of cabbage palms and a clump of bamboo beside the driveway. The present house and barn were built by Jarret in the late 1860's and there are a number of trees that may have been part of his garden, such as the carob, kurrajong and turpentine. The line of Chinese elms forming the drive to the east of the house mark part of the original driveway (From the owner, 10/2004).
	Date significance updated: 11 Oct 04
	Note: The State Heritage Inventory provides information about heritage items listed by local and State government agencies. The State Heritage Inventory is continually being updated by local and State agencies as new information becomes available. Read the Department of Premier and Cabinet copyright and disclaimer.

Description


Construction years:	1821-1890
Physical description:	Site: The site is a very elevated one, with views across rolling landscapes to Sydney, the Nepean (River) gorge and to Camden and Mittagong... Two articles by Captain J.H.Watson in the 'Nepean Times' of 24th and 31st October 1914 provide an account of the property: '...Fairlight is one of the most lovely places in the county of Cumberland. Situated many hundred feet above the surrounding country, it commands extensive views in every direction but the west, but in that quarter is backed by the mountains. As in other parts of Mulgoa, evidences abound of early occupation...' Grounds and garden: Hassall in his book 'In Old Australia' says of his school days at Mulgoa rectory about 1837; "About two miles from the school lived Nathaniel Norton, brother of James Norton senior, solicitor and uncle to the Oxleys. He was an old naval man, a good hearted sailor, whom boys were fond of visiting." The owners imagine he sat under the Port Jackson fig (Ficus macrophylla) trees and took in the best views in the County of Cumberland. In 1821 Macquarie gave grants of land, to Nathaniel, James and John Norton. The original house stood beside the Port Jackson figs, remnants of the original garden including a row of cabbage palms (Livistona australis) and a clump of bamboo (which may be seen beside the driveway). The present house and barn were built by Jarrett in the late 1860s there are a number of trees that may have been part of his garden, such as the carob (Ceratonia siliqua), kurrajong (Brachychiton populneum) and turpentine (Syncarpia glomulifera). The present garden has been grafted on to these remnants. The line of Chinese elms (Ulmus parvifolia) forming the drive to the east of the house mark part of the original driveway. To the west, a rose walk (Rosa x 'White Spray' and 'Iceberg') links the house with the tennis court and pool and incorporates an old Bougainvillea and quince (Cydonia oblonga) tree. The majestic Port Jackson fig trees frame the south vista. Adjacent is the orchard and vegetable garden. Since the garden was last opened in 1993 the dry stone wall has been extended and now envelopes the westerly aspect of the garden. The wall was built by a local stonemason, George Progmelja, whose craft had been handed down by his father, bought up in Serbia, where houses and dry stone walls are common in rural areas. The owners have planted Bunya Bunya trees (Araucaria bidwillii) in the paddocks, a tree they neglected to plant in bygone days, but somehow essential in this setting. Glimpses of the Blue Mountains and the Nepean Gorge can be seen through the rough barked apple gum (Angophora subvelutina / A.floribunda / A.intermedia). This tranquil garden was severely disturbed on December 25th, 2001 when strong, hot, westerly winds fanned fires in the Blue Mountains which leapt over the Nepean River and came swiftly to this area. Three houses were destroyed, fruit orchards and packing sheds felt the wrath but fortunately there were no fatalities. 'Fairlight' was saved by the local fire brigade and the owner's sons. The garden on the western side near the pool was totally destroyed, as was the hedge on the fence line near the barn and other areas of hedging. The ancient hedge of Cape honeysuckle (Tecomaria capensis) under the rough-barked apple oak (Angophora floribunda) in front of the house, woody and always in need of a good prune, vanished and has given a new perspective now with glimpses down the paddock to the Blue Mountains. It is taking time for the Angophora floribundas to recover but has given the owners the chance to simplify the planting. Following the fires, a severe wind storm came through in September 2003 and trees weakened by the fires came down as did huge limbs from the Port Jackson figs and Angophoras. The property is now facing lack of rain - the last good rain was in February 2004. Currently dam levels are dropping so the owners are applying lots of mulch, being cautious with watering. (From the owner, 10/2004: botanical names added by Stuart Read, 2004). Homestead: The original (c.1821) homestead was a single storeyed building not unlike Cox's Cottage, Mulgoa or Clarendon, Richmond. C.1890 the homestead was replaced by a substantial single storeyed brick dwelling (Cox Tanner P/L, 1981, 1). Barn (1860s): At the house's rear a large barn was constructed. c1890 the barn was modified to provide a large workroom or dormitory on the upper level (ibid, 1981, 1). The present house and barn were built by Jarrett in the late 1860s (from the owner, 10/2004). Winery:
Physical condition and/or Archaeological potential:	1821 first house built. Of slabs, plastered with clay, whitewashed - originally shingle-rooved. It had 2 wings, each with 2 rooms. According to the style of the period the rooms were only 8' high, and the doors 6', a tall man having to stoop to enter (Cox Tanner P/L, 1981, 2). c1869 fruit of all kinds being grown, 2 vineyards on the property and wine making occuring. Large stone wine cellar (recently demolished (Norrie, 1990, 132). 1869-1872 Jarret builds a new homestead (adjoining the original homestead (Cox Tanner, 1981, 1), large stables, meat-curing rooms, fruit drying lofts and a large 4 storey building to store wine. c1912 post windmill demolished. The post windmill, which was almost intact 5 years ago (1976), but only the post in the well now remains, and a wooden store for wine in casks, built up against a cutting in the side of a hill. This latter, in Jarret's time was removed, and in its place a 4 storied solid brick building (called 'the barn' in 1981) was put up. Next to this, and also of brick, was a dairy and creamery, with mens' quarters and kitchens, and a large room overhead 70' x 30' for what purpose it is difficult to say, iron bars with running hooks from side to side, indicate some kind of industry on an extensive scale was carried on, which none of the villagers have now any knowledge of. Machinery of various sorts, some still standing. (Cox Tanner P/L, 1981,1-2). - Underground tank, c.1821 - rendered sandstone possibly cellar of original house; - remains of bath house, later 19th c. - remnants of brick baths and water works on foundations; - remains of stone building, 19th c. - floor slabs of small dairy and sump and impressions of yards? in grounds. Stone flagging; - miscellaneous wells, early-late 19th c. - at least four; - site of shed, c.1878 - one surviving wall; - remains of stone building, pre 1850 - remnants of walls of stone cellar; - site of former wine cellar and wooden store, pre 1876 - substantial masonry buildings only recently demolished; some footings still evident; - site of colonial road - formerly (part of) Fairlight - part of road leading from Norton's Basin to Fairlight homestead. Partially destroyed by recent bulldozing; - landing platform, cottage and 'Donahoe's Cave', c.1820s - stone landing platform and remnants of small cottage. Cave supposedly used by bushranger. (The above list taken from p.93, of appendix D, Historical Archaeological Component by Wendy Thorp, 8/1986 in Fox & Associates, Heritage Study of the City of Penrith, Volume 2 - appendices)
	Date condition updated:28 Nov 07
Modifications and dates:	1821 first house built. Of slabs, plastered with clay, whitewashed - originally shingle-rooved. It had 2 wings, each with 2 rooms. According to the style of the period the rooms were only 8' high, and the doors 6', a tall man having to stoop to enter (Cox Tanner P/L, 1981, 2). c1869 fruit of all kinds being grown, 2 vineyards on the property and wine making occuring. Large stone wine cellar (recently demolished (Norrie, 1990, 132). 1869-1872 Jarret builds a new homestead (adjoining the original homestead (Cox Tanner, 1981, 1), large stables, meat-curing rooms, fruit drying lofts and a large 4 storey building to store wine. c1912 post windmill demolished. The post windmill, which was almost intact 5 years ago (1976), but only the post in the well now remains, and a wooden store for wine in casks, built up against a cutting in the side of a hill. This latter, in Jarret's time was removed, and in its place a 4 storied solid brick building (called 'the barn' in 1981) was put up. Next to this, and also of brick, was a dairy and creamery, with mens' quarters and kitchens, and a large room overhead 70' x 30' for what purpose it is difficult to say, iron bars with running hooks from side to side, indicate some kind of industry on an extensive scale was carried on, which none of the villagers have now any knowledge of. Machinery of various sorts, some still standing. (Cox Tanner P/L, 1981,1-2). 22/12/1969 a major 39 lot subdivision of Lot 30 DP237163 (inter alia) placing the house and barn on different lots. 1981 the owners bought the adjacent property to protect the historic barn of Fairlight from demolition. The barn was restored. 1990 photographs (Norrie, 1990, 132-3) show a domed pig feeder structure, the winery and barn.
Further information:	The Heritage Council undertook to review the area of land covered in the (PCO) order (PCO), currently about 10 acres, if 2 hectare subdivisions were permitted on surrounding land in future (News Release, Conservation Order Protects Mulgoa Homestead, 4/6/1984).


Current use:	Farm, rural residence
Former use:	Aboriginal land, colonial farm and vineyard estate

History

Historical notes:

The Norton family have a history over many centuries in the County of Sussex, England, as owners of considerable landed property (Bertie, 1933, 40).

James Norton was born in the mid 1700s at Hurstpierpont in County Sussex, England on the family estate Northend (Cox Tanner P/L, 1981, 2). He resided on that estate (one of his estates) marrying Rebecca Steel, of Newtimber, by whom he had one son and two daughters (Bertie, 1933, 40). His only son John and his (second)(Bertie, 1933, 40) wife Mary had 10 children ...Nathaniel their second son, like eldest brother John (born c.1772 (Bertie, 1933, 40), also served in the Royal Navy during the Napoleonic Wars, fighting against the French. Nathaniel's last ship was the 74 gun battleship HMS Tigre and in 1815, following the defeat of Napoleon at Waterloo and the end of the wars, HMS Tigre was paid off and Nathaniel retired from the Navy on half pay before he departed for New South Wales.

The third son was James, had apparently qualified as a solicitor before he left England. He emigrated to Australia in 1818 and commenced practice as a solicitor, only to be followed the next year by his father John, his brother Lieutenant Nathaniel and 3 of his sisters, all of whom arrived in Sydney aboard the Harriet on 8 February 1819. One of the sisters, Emma, was to marry John Oxley the Surveyor General of NSW and leader of several successful journeys of exploration. James Norton the solicitor enjoyed an extensive practice in which he continued to be active for over 40 years (Bertie, 1933, 40).

3 Government grants were made on 5 April 1821 - 'Northend' of 950 acres to James, 'Fairlight' of 800 acres to Nathaniel, and 'Grovers' of 800 acres to their father John (Cox Tanner P/L, 1981, 2) in the Bringelly district. 'Norton's Basin' on the Nepean River is named after John Norton. Later the family acquired an extensive estate in the Kanimbla Valley in the heart of the Blue Mountains, where they carried on agriculture and stock breeding for many years (Bertie, 1933, 40).

A house was built at Fairlight and the whole family moved in late 1821, while the 3 grants were managed as one from Fairlight by Nathaniel (Cox Tanner P/L, 1981, 1). The original homestead of Fairlight was built c.1821 (Davies, 2014, 142). James continued to practise as a solicitor in the Leichhardt area and never took up residence on his own estate, and the father John, moved to a grant made later in the Kanimbla Valley. (Norrie, 1990, 131-3). John Norton, with his younger son, James after a few years, moved down to the Kanimbla Valley to a large property on the Cox's River, leaving Nathaniel in possession of the Mulgoa grants, which henceforth became known under the name of Fairlight...' (Cox Tanner P/L, 1981, 1).

The 1821 first house was built of slabs, plastered with clay and whitewashed - originally it was shingle-rooved. It had 2 wings, each with 2 rooms. According to the style of the period the rooms were only 8' high, and the doors 6', a tall man having to stoop to enter (Cox Tanner P/L, 1981, 2).

Nathaniel, a bachelor, lived with one of his sisters as housekeeper until he married Ellen Barber in 1841. He died in 1851 aged 66 years, and Ellen died some 15 months later.

The term 'villa' was first used in England in the 17th century, partly from the Latin and Italian 'country house, farm', perhaps derived from the stem of vicus (village). The villa was a country mansion or residence, together with a farm, farm-buildings, or other house attached, built or occupied by a person of some position and wealth. It was taken to include a country seat or estate and later a residence in the country or in the neighbourhood of a town, usually standing in its own grounds. From this is was appropriated by the middleof the 18th century to mean a residence of a superior type, in the suburbs of a town or in a residential district, such as that occupied by a person of the middle class, and also a small, better-class dwelling house, usually detached or semi-detached. The term 'villa garden' was used in the context of Hobart and Sydney residences in the 1830s, and if near the coast or harbour, the appellation 'marine villa' was often applied. Australian origins probably date from the grant conditions applied to Sydney's Woolloomooloo Hill (1827, under Governor Darling), which obligated the construction of villas fulfilling certain conditions... 'with garden like domain, and external offices for stables and domestic economy' (John Buonarotti Papworth, 1825, quoted in James Broadbent's 1997 book, 'The Australian Colonial House'). Many gardens of 19th century villas followed Gardenesque conventions, with garden ornaments often complementing the architecture of the house. The term had acquired such widespread usage by the 1850s that when Jane Loudon issued a new editiion of her husband (John Claudius Loudon)'s 'Suburban Gardener and Villa Companion' (1838) she merely entitled the revised work 'The Villa Gardener' (1850). This coincided with a growing period of suburbanisation in Australia with consequent fostering of the nursery trade... By the 1880s, descriptions of Australian villas implied sufficient room for a lawn on two or three fronts of the residence...(Aitken, 2002, 619-20).

William Arthur Helleyer, a Sydney solicitor, bought Fairlight after Nathaniel's death (in 1863)(Davies, 2014, 142) and the property was eventually successfully managed by his son. Mrs Helleyer wrote in 1869 'We have lovely fruit growing there, all kinds, also 2 vineyards and made wine...We were overrun with deer belonging to our neighbour, Mr E.King Cox, which was a great annoyance to us...'.

The vineyard at Fairlight flourished with a large stone wine cellar, which recently was demolished by developers, being built opposite the house. A photograph of the original house, a windmill on the estate and a sample wine label from the Helleyer days are shown. (See pictures p.132, NB: annotation on windmill photo notes it was cut down c.1912; the wine label annotation notes it was used on bottles from Fairlight's vineyards under Helleyer, 1869-76). Other photographs on p.133 show the winery, noting its use of gravity - with its construction running down the slope; the barn and a domed pig feeder structure).

Snakes, bushfires and poor road access made the property less desirable than one would imagine and eventually Mr Helleyer sold out to Mr W.Jarret, who overdeveloped the estate. He built a new homestead, large stables, meat-curing rooms, fruit-drying lofts and a large building of 4 storeys to store wine. Overcapitalised, he was forced to sell up. (Norrie, 1990, 131-3).

William Jarret was a gentleman well known in Sydney business circles during the last years of the past (19th) century. When he took up the property he appears to have seen its great value as a wine making place, and all the improvements about the place were the outcome of the 20,000 pounds he spent on it. When he took it over, in addition to the old homestead, there was an old stone wine cellar, a post windmill, which was almost intact 5 years ago, but only the post in the well now remains, and a wooden store for wine in casks, built up against a cutting in the side of a hill. This latter, in Jarret's time, was removed, and in its place a 4 storied solid brick building was put up. Next to this, and also of brick, was a dairy and creamery, with men's' quarters and kitchens, and a large room overhead 70' x 30' for what purpose it is difficult to say, iron bars with running hooks from side to side, indicate some kind of industry on an extensive scale was carried on, which none of the villagers have now any knowledge of. Machinery of various sorts, some still standing, show that Fairlight, a quarter of a century ago, was a busy place. The structure described as a 'dairy and creamery, with men's' quarters and kitchens, and a large room overhead' is the subject of this report (Cox Tanner P/L, (barn restoration) 1981, 1-2).

Davies (2014, 142) says the current Fairlight house was built at the time of Jarret's purchase in 1876.

c.1890 the homestead was replaced by a substantial single storey brick dwelling, and the barn modified to provide a large workroom or dormitory on the upper level. In 1914 the owner was Mr A.G.Witts (Cox Tanner P/L, 1981).

Hassall in his book 'In Old Australia' says of his school days at Mulgoa rectory about 1837; "About two miles from the school lived Nathaniel Norton, brother of James Norton senior, solicitor and uncle to the Oxleys. He was an old naval man, a good hearted sailor, whom boys were fond of visiting." The owners imagine he sat under the Port Jackson fig (Ficus macrophylla) trees and took in the best views in the County of Cumberland. In 1821 Governor Macquarie gave grants of land, to Nathaniel, James and John Norton. The original house stood beside the Port Jackson figs, remnants of the original garden including a row of cabbage palms (Livistona australis) and a clump of bamboo (which may be seen beside the driveway).

The present house and barn were built by Jarret in the late 1860s and there are a number of trees that may have been part of his garden, such as the carob (Ceratonia siliqua), kurrajong (Brachychiton populneum) and turpentine (Syncarpia glomulifera).

Since the garden was last opened in 1993 the dry stone wall has been extended and now envelopes the westerly aspect of the garden. The wall was built by a local stonemason, George Progmelja.

The garden was severely disturbed on December 25th, 2001 when strong, hot, westerly winds fanned fires in the Blue Mountains which leapt over the Nepean River and came swiftly to this area. Three houses were destroyed, fruit orchards and packing sheds felt the wrath but fortunately there were no fatalities. 'Fairlight' was saved by the local fire brigade and the owner's sons.

The garden on the western side near the pool was totally destroyed, as was the hedge on the fence line near the barn and other areas of hedging.

The ancient hedge of Cape honeysuckle (Tecomaria capensis) under the rough-barked apple oak (Angophora floribunda) tree in front of the house, woody and always in need of a good prune, vanished and has given a new perspective now with glimpses down the paddock to the Blue Mountains. It is taking time for the Angophora floribundas to recover but has given the owners the chance to simplify the planting.

Following the fires, a severe wind storm came through in September 2003 and trees weakened by the fires came down as did huge limbs from the Port Jackson figs and angophoras (From the owner, 10/2004).

In November 2020 the Friends of Fernhill and Mulgoa Valley Inc. escorted members of the Heritage Council on a tour of the valley. In September 2020 the FFMV nominated the valley for state heritage register listing (FFMV E-news, 11/2020).

In 2021 the Friends of Fernhill and Mulgoa Valley Inc. won a National Trust of Australia (NSW) Award for Advocacy, for their extensive stakeholder engagement and documentation to support the conservation and SHR-listing of the Mulgoa Valley as a cultural landscape and the protection of Fernhill Estate's cultural and natural heritage (NTA (NSW) Heritaeg Awards, 5/2021, 9).

Historic themes

Australian theme (abbrev)	New South Wales theme	Local theme
1. Environment-Tracing the evolution of a continent's special environments	Environment - naturally evolved-Activities associated with the physical surroundings that support human life and influence or shape human cultures.	Gardens-
1. Environment-Tracing the evolution of a continent's special environments	Environment - naturally evolved-Activities associated with the physical surroundings that support human life and influence or shape human cultures.	Other open space-
1. Environment-Tracing the evolution of a continent's special environments	Environment - naturally evolved-Activities associated with the physical surroundings that support human life and influence or shape human cultures.	Introduce cultural planting-
1. Environment-Tracing the evolution of a continent's special environments	Environment - naturally evolved-Activities associated with the physical surroundings that support human life and influence or shape human cultures.	Changing the environment-
1. Environment-Tracing the evolution of a continent's special environments	Environment - naturally evolved-Activities associated with the physical surroundings that support human life and influence or shape human cultures.	Cultural: Conserving and protecting natural features-
1. Environment-Tracing the evolution of a continent's special environments	Environment - naturally evolved-Activities associated with the physical surroundings that support human life and influence or shape human cultures.	Cultural: Plains and plateaux supporting human activities-
3. Economy-Developing local, regional and national economies	Agriculture-Activities relating to the cultivation and rearing of plant and animal species, usually for commercial purposes, can include aquaculture	Viticulture-
3. Economy-Developing local, regional and national economies	Agriculture-Activities relating to the cultivation and rearing of plant and animal species, usually for commercial purposes, can include aquaculture	Orcharding-
3. Economy-Developing local, regional and national economies	Agriculture-Activities relating to the cultivation and rearing of plant and animal species, usually for commercial purposes, can include aquaculture	Clearing land for farming-
3. Economy-Developing local, regional and national economies	Agriculture-Activities relating to the cultivation and rearing of plant and animal species, usually for commercial purposes, can include aquaculture	Ancillary structures - wells, cisterns-
3. Economy-Developing local, regional and national economies	Environment - cultural landscape-Activities associated with the interactions between humans, human societies and the shaping of their physical surroundings	Gardens and landscapes reminiscent of an 'old country'-
3. Economy-Developing local, regional and national economies	Environment - cultural landscape-Activities associated with the interactions between humans, human societies and the shaping of their physical surroundings	Landscapes demonstrating styles in landscape design-
3. Economy-Developing local, regional and national economies	Environment - cultural landscape-Activities associated with the interactions between humans, human societies and the shaping of their physical surroundings	Landscapes of food production-
3. Economy-Developing local, regional and national economies	Environment - cultural landscape-Activities associated with the interactions between humans, human societies and the shaping of their physical surroundings	Landscapes and gardens of domestic accommodation-
3. Economy-Developing local, regional and national economies	Environment - cultural landscape-Activities associated with the interactions between humans, human societies and the shaping of their physical surroundings	Landscapes and countryside of rural charm-
3. Economy-Developing local, regional and national economies	Environment - cultural landscape-Activities associated with the interactions between humans, human societies and the shaping of their physical surroundings	Significant tree(s) providing rural amenity or character-
3. Economy-Developing local, regional and national economies	Pastoralism-Activities associated with the breeding, raising, processing and distribution of livestock for human use	Dairying-
3. Economy-Developing local, regional and national economies	Pastoralism-Activities associated with the breeding, raising, processing and distribution of livestock for human use	Agisting and fattening stock for slaughter-
8. Culture-Developing cultural institutions and ways of life	Creative endeavour-Activities associated with the production and performance of literary, artistic, architectural and other imaginative, interpretive or inventive works; and/or associated with the production and expression of cultural phenomena; and/or environments that have inspired such creative activities.	Building in response to natural landscape features.-
8. Culture-Developing cultural institutions and ways of life	Creative endeavour-Activities associated with the production and performance of literary, artistic, architectural and other imaginative, interpretive or inventive works; and/or associated with the production and expression of cultural phenomena; and/or environments that have inspired such creative activities.	Architectural styles and periods - colonial homestead-
8. Culture-Developing cultural institutions and ways of life	Creative endeavour-Activities associated with the production and performance of literary, artistic, architectural and other imaginative, interpretive or inventive works; and/or associated with the production and expression of cultural phenomena; and/or environments that have inspired such creative activities.	Landscaping - Federation period-
8. Culture-Developing cultural institutions and ways of life	Creative endeavour-Activities associated with the production and performance of literary, artistic, architectural and other imaginative, interpretive or inventive works; and/or associated with the production and expression of cultural phenomena; and/or environments that have inspired such creative activities.	Landscaping - colonial period-
8. Culture-Developing cultural institutions and ways of life	Creative endeavour-Activities associated with the production and performance of literary, artistic, architectural and other imaginative, interpretive or inventive works; and/or associated with the production and expression of cultural phenomena; and/or environments that have inspired such creative activities.	Landscaping - Victorian gardenesque style-
8. Culture-Developing cultural institutions and ways of life	Creative endeavour-Activities associated with the production and performance of literary, artistic, architectural and other imaginative, interpretive or inventive works; and/or associated with the production and expression of cultural phenomena; and/or environments that have inspired such creative activities.	Building in response to climate - bushfires-
9. Phases of Life-Marking the phases of life	Persons-Activities of, and associations with, identifiable individuals, families and communal groups	Associations with Governor (later Maj-Gen.) Lachlan Macquarie, 1810-1821-
9. Phases of Life-Marking the phases of life	Persons-Activities of, and associations with, identifiable individuals, families and communal groups	Associations with Lt. Nathaniel Norton, soldier, grazier-
9. Phases of Life-Marking the phases of life	Persons-Activities of, and associations with, identifiable individuals, families and communal groups	Associations with Ellen Norton (nee Barber), gentlewoman-
9. Phases of Life-Marking the phases of life	Persons-Activities of, and associations with, identifiable individuals, families and communal groups	Associations with William Arthur Helleyer, solicitor, farmer, viticulturist-
9. Phases of Life-Marking the phases of life	Persons-Activities of, and associations with, identifiable individuals, families and communal groups	Associations with William Jarret, farmer, viticulturist-

Recommended management:

Recommendations

Management Category	Description	Date Updated
Recommended Management	Produce a Conservation Management Plan (CMP)
Recommended Management	Carry out an Archaeological Assessment
Recommended Management	Prepare a maintenance schedule or guidelines
Recommended Management	Carry out interpretation, promotion and/or education

Procedures /Exemptions

Section of act	Description	Title	Comments	Action date
57(2)	Exemption to allow work	Standard Exemptions	ORDER UNDER SECTION 57(2) OF THE HERITAGE ACT 1977 Standard exemptions for engaging in or carrying out activities / works otherwise prohibited by section 57(1) of the Heritage Act 1977. I, the Hon James Griffin MP, Minister for Environment and Heritage, pursuant to subsection 57(2) of the Heritage Act 1977, on the recommendation of the Heritage Council of New South Wales do by this Order, effective at the time of publication in the New South Wales Government Gazette: 1. revoke the order made on 9 November 2020 and published in the Government Gazette Number 318 of 13 November 2020; and 2. grant the exemptions from subsection 57(1) of the Heritage Act 1977 that are described in the attached Schedule. The Hon James Griffin MP Minister for Environment and Heritage Signed this 2nd day of June 2022. To view the standard exemptions for engaging in or carrying out activities / works otherwise prohibited by section 57(1) of the Heritage Act 1977 click on the link below.	Jun 17 2022

Standard exemptions for engaging in or carrying out activities / works otherwise prohibited by section 57(1) of the Heritage Act 1977

Listings

Heritage Listing	Listing Title	Listing Number	Gazette Date	Gazette Number	Gazette Page
Heritage Act - State Heritage Register		00262	02 Apr 99	27	1546
Heritage Act - Permanent Conservation Order - former		00262	15 Jun 84	93	3127
State Environmental Planning Policy	Mulgoa Valley REP		07 Oct 87
Heritage study	Fairlight	MV-14

Study details

Title	Year	Number	Author	Guidelines used
Heritage Study of the City of Penrith	1987		Fox & Associates	No
Sydney Regional Environmental Plan - No.13 - Mulgoa Valley	1987		Department of Environment and Planning	No
Colonial Landscapes of the Cumberland Plain and Camden, NSW	2000		Morris, C., & Britton, G./NSW National Trust (for the Heritage Council of NSW)	Yes
Mulgoa Valley R.E.S	1983	FL1 FL14	Department of Environment & Planning	No

References, internet links & images

Type	Author	Year	Title	Internet Links
Written	Aitken, Richard	2022	Villa Garden (entry)	View detail
Written	Bertie, C.H.	1933	Pioneer Families of Australia (article about the Norton family)
Written	Cox Tanner P/L Architects	1981	Report on the Restoration of the Historic Barn Structure, Fairlight, Mulgoa	View detail
Written	Department of Environment and Planning	1983	Mulgoa Valley Regional Environmental Study
Written	Norrie, Dr. Philip	1990	Vineyards of Sydney

Note: internet links may be to web pages, documents or images.

(Click on thumbnail for full size image and image details)

Data source


The information for this entry comes from the following source:
Name:	Heritage NSW
Database number:	5045081
File number:	S90/05387 & HC 32846

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