Waring Gardens & St. Pauls Anglican Church & Hall (former)

Item details


Name of item:	Waring Gardens & St. Pauls Anglican Church & Hall (former)
Other name/s:	St Pauls Anglican Church & Hall (former), Multi-Arts Centre complex
Type of item:	Built
Group/Collection:	Religion
Category:	Church
Location:	Lat: -35.5301326870 Long: 144.9627618530
Primary address:	Cressy Street, Deniliquin, NSW 2710
Parish:	South Deniliquin
County:	Townsend
Local govt. area:	Edward River
Local Aboriginal Land Council:	Deniliquin

Property description

Lot/Volume Code	Lot/Volume Number	Section Number	Plan/Folio Code	Plan/Folio Number
LOT	1		DP	34649
LOT	1	208	DP	758913
LOT	2	208	DP	758913

All addresses

Street Address	Suburb/town	LGA	Parish	County	Type
Cressy Street	Deniliquin	Edward River	South Deniliquin	Townsend	Primary Address
Duncan Street	Deniliquin	Edward River			Alternate Address
Napier Street	Deniliquin	Edward River			Alternate Address
Edward Street	Deniliquin	Edward River	South Deniliquin	Townsend	Alternate Address

Owner/s

Organisation Name	Owner Category	Date Ownership Updated
former Deniliquin Council	Local Government	19 Mar 99

Description


Construction years:	1880-1888
Physical description:	Waring Gardens: Waring Gardens comprises an area of open space centred on a large lagoon located in central Deniliquin. It is bounded by Cressy, Edwards, Duncan and Napier Streets. They house many monuments and structures which help visitors identify the people, events and social occasions which have helped to shape Deniliquin. Within or adjacent to the gardens are the cenotaph, St. Paul's Church and Sunday school, the (statue of the) Three Muses, the CWA rooms, all of which are considered as being individual (heritage) items. The gardens are shaded by exotic and native trees and shrubs and are an essential part of the town (Thomson, 2020, 4-5). In the corner facing Cressy and Edwards Streets is the former St. Paul's Anglican Church of England (see below). In the corner facing Edwards and Duncan Streets is the Country Womens' Association rooms; and an area of planted trees. Along the majority of its frontage to Duncan Streets is a large area is grassed lawns, with paths and scattered planted trees. Near the corner of Napier and Duncan Streets (and running along part of Duncan Street-side) is a remnant area of gum and box trees (Eucalyptus spp.). This extends along the lagoon edge to near the more prominent and large of two peninsulae which intrude into the lagoon (Stuart Read, 10/2020 interpreting the Staff Surveyor map and legend, 27/6/1941). A 1941 (27/7/1941) plan of the gardens noted the follwoing features at that time: Built elements such as: 1914 War Memorial monument (facing the corner of Napier and Cressy Streets). On the 'inland' park-side of this monument is an ornamental fence and wrought iron gates 11' across, between concrete pillars. A little further along Cressy Street side of the gardens is a Marble Lampstand, the Dr.Noyes memorial. Further along Cressy Street side is a marble Obelisk, the John Waring Memorial. Further along again (about 2/3 of the length of the gardens along this side) is the Boer War Memorial, close to it are brick mens' and women's toilet blocks 16'6" x 12'. On the nearly-centrally located prominent peninsula jutting into the lagoon is a leafy octagonal bower (Aviary, now rotunda, built in 1913: Thomson, 2020, 6) and fountain. This was originally an aviary. Now it is a steel pergola structure supporting a mature Chinese wisteria climber (Wisteria sinensis)(Stuart Read, interpreting Thomson, 2020, figure 6). Near it were (in 1941) Nursery beds. Also near it are flower beds and a gravel walk. A footbridge connects the tip of the peninsula to the Cressy Street side of the park. At the foot of this peninsula (closest to Napier Street) is a a Nursery shed 15/ x 9' with galvanised iron walls and skillion roof. The majority of the area of the gardens along Duncan Street is of lawns, paths and planted trees. Within this and between the two peninsulae which protrude into the lagoon is a substantial concrete and cast iron lamp post. Near that is an octagonal luncheon shelter, with brick floor and netting sides and wooden cane roof, 10' across closer to the smaller peninsula in the lagoon. Midway along this Duncan Street side of the lawns is an octagonal weatherboard Band Rotunda 19' diameter, with playing platform 8' high, and art metal conical roof and ceiling surmounted by a weathercock (Staff Surveyor, 27/6/1941: this was built in 1912 (Thomson, 2020, 6). Waring Gardens includes several gates - being of 3' high iron; 9' high cyclone wire mesh; and 10' cyclone wire; and several types of fences - being of (a) ornamental wire mesh; (b) pickets; (c) galvanised iron; (d) painted pipe rail; (e) netting; (f) paling; and (g) cyclone wire mesh and barbed wire (Stuart Read, 10/2020 interpreting the Staff Surveyor map and legend, 27/6/1941). Improvements included a band pavilion and rotunda (1913). Important fixtures are still in the gardens, such as the 1888 obelisk commemorating Waring, a small pavilion, band rotunda, fountain and the War Memorial Gates at the north-west corner of the gardens. The old footbridge across the lagoon has been replaced wiht one of modern materials. Children's play equipment has been introduced, as have modern seats. The Cressy Street boundary which once had a picket fence, is defined by a 35m long low brick wall (1950s) which is proposed for removal as part of the current proposed upgrade works (Thomson, 2020, 4, 6). Also in the gardens is a Soldier's Memorial Cenotaph, opened in 1922; a statue from Italy of 'The Three Muses' placed int he gardens in 1974; a brick structure commemora6ting the proclamation of the town, which was installed in 1960. Also in the gardens are a small lamp stand; Dr. Noyes' Lamp, a wooden cross; a barbeque shelter, a pump shed, a playground, public amenities accessed from Cressy Street and Harrison Street; the CWA Hall; wayfinding signage and maintenance vehicle entry points from Harrison and Cressy Streets (Thom,son, 2020, 6). Mixed mature tree plantings in Waring Gardens include Moreton Bay fig (Ficus macrophylla var.macrophylla), paperbark (Melaleuca sp.), water gum (Tristaniopsis laurina), lily pilly (Syzygium sp.). gum and box trees (Eucalyptus spp.) including river red gum (E.camaldulensis), an exotic pine (Pinus sp.), Californian desert fan palm (Washingtonia robusta), Canary Island date palms (Phoenix canariensis), weeping willows (Salix alba 'Babylonica'), cypresses (Cupressus sp.), oaks (Quercus sp./spp.), Chinese elm (Ulmus parvifolia), a young Norfolk Islane pine (Araucaria heterophylla) near the war memorial, jacaranda (J.mimosifolia), Jamaican fiddlewood (Citharexylum quadrangulare), white cedars (Melia azederach var.australasica) along Cressy Street edge, evergreen magnolia or bull bay (Magnolia grandiflora) and brush box (Lophostemon confertus) and an ailing Aleppo pine ('Lone pine')(Pinus halepensis) all these last three behind the memorial statue and cenotaph (Stuart Read, pers.comm., from photos in Thomson, 2020). Multi Arts Centre (former St. Paul's Anglican Church of England, and Hall): This group of buildings and grounds is on the corner facing Cressy and Edwards Streets.
Physical condition and/or Archaeological potential:	The former St. Paul's Anglican Church and Sunday School buildings are in good condition (Thomson, 2020, 4).
	Date condition updated:07 Oct 20
Modifications and dates:	1855, the lagoon was a dirty water hole 1869 Waring endeavoured to have the area filled in or drained. 1880 Council cleared the area and planted willow trees, continuing to plant various shrubs and trees in the following years (Thomson, 2020, 3-4). The gardens were set up as a Botanic Garden to experiment and see what would grow in the area. The gardens also contained a large aviary (Thomson, 2020, 20). 1885 a curator was appointed. 1888 a ceremony performed to officially open the gardens, and an obelisk was erected in Waring's honour. 1913: Improvements continued, a band pavilion and rotunda were built 1922: Soldiers' War Memorial Gates (unveiled in 1922) at the north-west corner of the gardens Important fixtures are still in the gardens, such as the 1888 obelisk commemorating Waring, a small pavilion, band rotunda, fountain and the Soldiers' War Memorial Gates (Thomson, 2020, 4, 20). The old footbridge across the lagoon has been replaced wiht one of modern materials. Children's play equipment has been introduced, as have modern seats. The Cressy Street boundary which once had a white picket fence (this fence once surrounded the gardens. This was replaced by a woven wire fence and this in turn by a low brick fence, which remains at the present time (Thomson, 2020, 20), is (now) and which is proposed for removal as part of the current proposed upgrade works (Thomson, 2020, 4). 1960: a fire almost destroyed the band rotunda (Thomson, 2020, 19). 1961 the band rotunda deck was lowered by 4' to a height (off the ground) of 3' instead of 7' as it was pre-fire (ibid, 2020, 19). 1974: (when the Deniliquin School of Arts was demolished and) an Italian statue, 'The Three Muses') was placed in the gardens. This was subsequently relocated to the corner of Edwards and Cressy Streets at the Multi-Arts Centre (former St. Paul's Anglican Church and Sunday school buildings) complex (Thomson, 2020, 20). The Three Muses were reinstated in Waring Gardens in 1995 (Edward River Council, Layout paln, 30/7/2020). 1990: Barbeque facility and cover constructed near Harrison Street (EWC, 7/2020) Harrison Street Amenities block built near Harrison Street 1990s: the former St. Paul's Anglican Church and Sunday School buildings underwent extensive conservation works in the early 1990s, addressing damage by vandalism and overall decay. The slate roof of the church has been replaced, brickwork reinstated, doors and stained-glass windows restored or replaced. The interior has also undergone major refurbishment (Thomson, 2020, 4). 1995: walkway and amenities built around rear of Multi-Arts Centre complex (EWC, 7/2020) 1998: Children's playground built in the gardens near Harrison Street and Cressy Street Amenities near that street (EWC, 7/2020) 2004: the cannon / gun was removed from the gardens, by the RSL sub-branch (Thomson, 2020, 20). 2015: Vietnam Soldiers' Statue built near the war memorial of 1922 (EWC, 7/2020) 2018: walkway constructed through the gardens (EWC, 7/2020) 2019: Aviary (built 1983 on the central main peninsula) was removed 2019 (EWC, 7/2020).


Current use:	Public parkland, Multi-Arts Centre complex (former church and Sunday school buildings)
Former use:	Aboriginal land, botanic garden, reserve

History

Historical notes:

Aboriginal occupation and history:
The local people were known as Barapa Barapa (or Baraparapa). They had extensive shared country with their traditional neighbours, the Wemba-Wemba and Yorta Yorta, whose territory covered parts of southern New South Wales and northern Victoria (Black Mountain Projects, 2020, 15).

Notes about Barapa Barapa language and distribution were made by researchers R.H. Matthews (1904) and Norman Tindale (1974). In general, Barapa Country straddles the Victorian-New South Wales border. The Mile or Mirri (Murray River) was the key focus within the landscape as the flood and dry seasons governed activities and movement through Barapa Country. They built fish traps and larders at the edges of the lagoons and waterways to make the most of the abundant fish stocks (Ibid, 2020, 15).

Their living areas, like the other river people(s), were earth mounds situated in the landscape above the normal flood height. Nearby stone outcrops were mined for personal tools and the local trade network brought in resources from other communities (ibid, 2020, 15).

The arrival of Europeans to Barapa Country began in the 1830s with expeditions from Major Thomas Mitchell, Edward Eyre and Captain Charles Sturt. Others, eager for land followed soon after. The Robertson Land Acts of 1861 led to Barapa land being divided up into parcels and sold to newcomers. Barapa people, like many indigenous peoples, refused to submit to the settlement, resulting in conflict. But European occupation intensified. Barbed wire enclosed country, river craft and railways accessed cities. By the 1890s, towns were being built. Residue land and communal properties known as Mission Stations were allocated by various state governments. Many Barapa people moved, or were forced to move, to Moonacullah Mission (Kabaila, 2011, 73, 81; quoted in Black Mountain Projects, 2020, 15).

Rapid European colonisatoin of the area led to substantial changes in the local environment. Extractive forestry focussed on the river red gum(s) along the river to supply the railways in South Australia with sleepers. The alteration of river flows via dams and irrigation diversion changed the local hydrology and clearing for farming (both grazing and cropping) occurred not long after the first European arrivals. Ploughing, logging and the resulting erosion led to the destruction of physical evidence of Barapa occupatoin, the exact amount of which is unknown (McConachie, F., 2020; quoted in ibid, 2020, 15-16).

By 2020, Deniliquin's population of Aboriginal descendents numbered about 400 (Wikipedia: 'Deniliquin' article; quoted in Black Mountain Projects, 2020, 16).

Deniliquin and its townspeople:
Like many Australian towns, the nucleus of Deniliquin was where a track crossed the river. The droving track crossed the Edward River ont he way to the main makret for meat and wool, which was Melbourne (Shaw, 1953, quoted in Black Mountain Projects, 2020, 16).

In 1843, the entrepreneur and speculator Benjamin Boyd acquired land in the vicinity of present-day Deniliquin. The location was known as The Sandhills, but Boyd named it Deniliquin after 'Denillakoon', a local Aborigine famed for his wrestling prowess. An inn and a punt were built and the town site was gazetted in 1850. The first sale of lots took place in 1851 (ibid, 2020, 16).

As Deniliquin was established on the convergence of major stock routes between the colonies of Queensland, New South Wales and the Victorian gold rush centres, it soon became an important river crossing and the first bridge was built over the Edward River in 1861 (ibid, 2020, 16).

In 1861 George Hall Peppin and his two sons, experienced English sheep breeders, established a Merino stud at Wanganella station, north of Deniliquin. There, the brothers developed the Peppin Merino, able to thrive in drier inland regions. Today, as many as 70% of merinos in Australia are said to be directly descended from these sheep (ibid, 2020, 16).

In the 1860s, Deniliquin was the centre of a short-lived campaign by wealthy pastoralists including Peppin, George Desailly, Robert Landale and William Brodribb for secession from NSW and the creation of a new Riverina colony. This was supported by David Jones, proprietor of the local newspaper, the 'Pastoral Times' (ibid, 2020, 16).

An important historical figure born in Deniliquin was the suffragette Eileen Mary Casey (1881-1972)(ibid, 2020, 16).

The Deniliquin and Moama Railway Company built a private railway (line) in 1879 to link transport through Moama and Echuca to Melbourne. Town building and the railway enabled Deniliquin's (producers) to efficiently move agricultural produce to the Melbourne markets (ibid, 2020, 17).

Large scale irrigation schemes came to the Deniliquin area in 1938-9, using water diverted from the Murray River at Lake Mulwala through the Mulwala Canal. This led to water-intensive agriculture such as rice growing (Wikipedia, 'Denliiquin' article, quoted in ibid, 2020, 15).

Over the short period of European occupation, land use in Deniliquin has followed a pattern of intensification and land disturbance, from extensive livestock grazing, to wheat production, to irrigated farming and urbanisation (Shaw, 1953). By 2020, Deniliquin was a well-established town of about 7500 people (ibid, 2020, 17).

Waring Gardens and Church of England Reserve site:
A chain of small reserves (for recreation and water conservation) were dedicated in 1879 along the creek line through the town in south Deniliquin. One of these was the future Waring Gardens, which included an allotment for the Church of England (ibid, 2020, 15). Waring Gardens is one link in a chain of urban parks in Deniliquin that have landscaped storm water sedimentation ponds. They cross through the centre of the town. Prior to European occupation the parks were parts of a former creek of the Edward River (ibid, 2020, 17).

Like the other ponds, Waring Gardens and the Anglican Church site was prone to flooding. Footing trench excavations show that the banks above the pond were raised by fill. Much of this land forming came from occupation sites in the town, such as the nearby bottling factory (ibid, 2020, 17).

Waring Gardens highlight the importance of the Edward River to the township through maintaining its lagoons (Thomson, 2020, 4).

St. Paul's Anglican Church of England (former):
Construction of the Anglican Church is thought to have begun in 1866 (Black Mountain Projects, 2020, 18). St. Paul's Anglican Church of England had its foundation stone laid in 1866. The site was dedicated on 13 February 1867, the church building built in 1868... by John Taylor and designed by Melbourne architects, Smith & Watson. Rev. Samuel Harper opened it in November 1866, and it was not until May 1873 that the Bishop of Goulburn consecrated the building (Thomson, 2020, 4)

The architectural style of the existing building suggests the present church and hall date from the 1890s (Black Mountain Projects, 2020, 18).

Worship continued here until 1977 when a new church was built on the site of the old Anglican rectory at the junction of Poitiers, Wellington and Harrison Streets. The (federal government) National Estate Committee of Inquiry provided a grant of $119,000 in 1973-4 to acquire the one acre of property (of the former St. Paul's Church and Hall) and add (it) to the adjoining parkland (quoted in Thomson, 2020, 4).

The former St. Paul's Anglican Church and Sunday School buildings underwent extensive conservation works in the early 1990s, addressing damage by vandalism and overall decay. The slate roof of the church has been replaced, brickwork reinstated, doors and stained-glass windows restored or replaced. The interior has also undergone major refurbishment (Thomson, 2020, 4). The buildings were substantially extended in 1992 (the hall was extended, a covered link between hall and church built and two other ancillary buildings built: Black Mountain Projects, 2020, 20). Ground works were undertaken at that time, including sewer and stormwater. The buildings drain into Waring Gardens pond (Black Mountain Projects, 2020, 18).

Waring Gardens:
The gardens were originally established in 1884 (Thomson, 2020, 4: yet, on p.3 Thomson says it was 1888) as a Botanic Garden (Thomson, 2020, 4). An 1886 illustration shows it was an established urban park by that time (with Aviary, rustic bridge, swans and willow trees: Stuart Read, description based on Keys, 2016 cited image). The banks were landscaped (willow trees are shown) and a band stand, aviary and bridge were built (Black Mountains Projects, 2020, 19).

Waring Gardens is a popular feature of the Deniliquin township. It contains several monuments of historical interest. These include the band rotunda erected in 1891 and the Three Muses marble sculptures relocated from Italy in 1974 (Thomson, 2020, 3).

The Gardens' name commemorates the efforts of Deniliquin Town Clerk, John Waring who was instrumental in the establishment of the garden and retention of the lagoon system through the town. When Waring arrived in Deniliiquin in 1855, the lagoon was a dirty water hole and was thought to be the cause of sickness and death in the community. In 1869 he held the position of Town Clerk and endeavoured to have the area filled in or drained. In 1880 the Council cleared the area and planted willow trees, continuing to plant various shrubs and trees in the following years (Thomson, 2020, 3-4).

The gardens were set up as a Botanic Garden to experiment and see what would grow in the area. The gardens also contained a large aviary (Thomson, 2020, 20).

In 1885 a curator of the gardens was appointed. Waring died that same year and in 1888 a ceremony was performed to officially open the garfens, and an obelisk was erected in Waring's honour. Improvements continued, a band pavilion and rotunda were built in 1913. Important fixtures are still in the gardens, such as the obelisk commemorating Waring, a small pavilion, band rotunda, fountain and the Soldiers' War Memorial Gates (unveiled in 1922) at the north-west corner of the gardens (Thomson, 2020, 4, 20).

The old footbridge across the lagoon has been replaced wiht one of modern materials. Children's play equipment has been introduced, as have modern seats. The Cressy Street boundary which once had a white picket fence (this fence once surrounded the gardens. This was replaced by a woven wire fence and this in turn by a low brick fence, which remains at the present time (Thomson, 2020, 20), is (now) and which is proposed for removal as part of the current proposed upgrade works (Thomson, 2020, 4).

When the School of Arts was demolished in 1974 an Italian statue, 'The Three Muses') was placed in the gardens (these have subsequently been relocated to the corder of Edwards and Cressy Streets at the Multi-Arts Centre (former St. Paul's Anglican Church and Sunday school buildings) complex (Thomson, 2020, 20).

The cannon / gun was removed from the gardens in 2004, by the RSL sub-branch (Thomson, 2020, 20).

Historic themes

Australian theme (abbrev)	New South Wales theme	Local theme
1. Environment-Tracing the evolution of a continent's special environments	Environment - naturally evolved-Activities associated with the physical surroundings that support human life and influence or shape human cultures.	River flats-
1. Environment-Tracing the evolution of a continent's special environments	Environment - naturally evolved-Activities associated with the physical surroundings that support human life and influence or shape human cultures.	Cultural: Lakes and wetlands supporting human activities-
1. Environment-Tracing the evolution of a continent's special environments	Environment - naturally evolved-Activities associated with the physical surroundings that support human life and influence or shape human cultures.	Cultural: Rivers and water bodies important to humans-
1. Environment-Tracing the evolution of a continent's special environments	Environment - naturally evolved-Activities associated with the physical surroundings that support human life and influence or shape human cultures.	Cultural: Conserving and protecting natural features-
1. Environment-Tracing the evolution of a continent's special environments	Environment - naturally evolved-Activities associated with the physical surroundings that support human life and influence or shape human cultures.	Environments important to Aboriginal traditional and spiritual life-
1. Environment-Tracing the evolution of a continent's special environments	Environment - naturally evolved-Activities associated with the physical surroundings that support human life and influence or shape human cultures.	Natural - pre European settlement vegetation-
1. Environment-Tracing the evolution of a continent's special environments	Environment - naturally evolved-Activities associated with the physical surroundings that support human life and influence or shape human cultures.	Introduce cultural planting-
1. Environment-Tracing the evolution of a continent's special environments	Environment - naturally evolved-Activities associated with the physical surroundings that support human life and influence or shape human cultures.	Park reserve-
1. Environment-Tracing the evolution of a continent's special environments	Environment - naturally evolved-Activities associated with the physical surroundings that support human life and influence or shape human cultures.	Regional flora and fauna-
1. Environment-Tracing the evolution of a continent's special environments	Environment - naturally evolved-Activities associated with the physical surroundings that support human life and influence or shape human cultures.	Special tree or trees-
1. Environment-Tracing the evolution of a continent's special environments	Environment - naturally evolved-Activities associated with the physical surroundings that support human life and influence or shape human cultures.	Changing the environment-
3. Economy-Developing local, regional and national economies	Environment - cultural landscape-Activities associated with the interactions between humans, human societies and the shaping of their physical surroundings	Developing local, regional and national economies-National Theme 3
3. Economy-Developing local, regional and national economies	Environment - cultural landscape-Activities associated with the interactions between humans, human societies and the shaping of their physical surroundings	Creating environments evocative of the 'old country'-
3. Economy-Developing local, regional and national economies	Environment - cultural landscape-Activities associated with the interactions between humans, human societies and the shaping of their physical surroundings	Landscapes and parklands of distinctive styles-
3. Economy-Developing local, regional and national economies	Environment - cultural landscape-Activities associated with the interactions between humans, human societies and the shaping of their physical surroundings	Landscapes of scenic beauty-
3. Economy-Developing local, regional and national economies	Environment - cultural landscape-Activities associated with the interactions between humans, human societies and the shaping of their physical surroundings	Significant tree(s) providing urban amenity-
3. Economy-Developing local, regional and national economies	Environment - cultural landscape-Activities associated with the interactions between humans, human societies and the shaping of their physical surroundings	Landscapes used for self reliant recreation-
3. Economy-Developing local, regional and national economies	Environment - cultural landscape-Activities associated with the interactions between humans, human societies and the shaping of their physical surroundings	Landscapes of passive recreation-
3. Economy-Developing local, regional and national economies	Environment - cultural landscape-Activities associated with the interactions between humans, human societies and the shaping of their physical surroundings	Landscapes of urban amenity-
3. Economy-Developing local, regional and national economies	Environment - cultural landscape-Activities associated with the interactions between humans, human societies and the shaping of their physical surroundings	Landscapes of contemplation and devotion-
3. Economy-Developing local, regional and national economies	Events-Activities and processes that mark the consequences of natural and cultural occurences	Developing local landmarks-
3. Economy-Developing local, regional and national economies	Events-Activities and processes that mark the consequences of natural and cultural occurences	Providing a venue for significant events-
3. Economy-Developing local, regional and national economies	Events-Activities and processes that mark the consequences of natural and cultural occurences	Commemorating a major event-
4. Settlement-Building settlements, towns and cities	Land tenure-Activities and processes for identifying forms of ownership and occupancy of land and water, both Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal	Changing land uses - from suburban to urban-
4. Settlement-Building settlements, towns and cities	Land tenure-Activities and processes for identifying forms of ownership and occupancy of land and water, both Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal	Changing land uses - from rural to suburban-
4. Settlement-Building settlements, towns and cities	Land tenure-Activities and processes for identifying forms of ownership and occupancy of land and water, both Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal	Administering and alienating Crown lands-
4. Settlement-Building settlements, towns and cities	Land tenure-Activities and processes for identifying forms of ownership and occupancy of land and water, both Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal	Townships-
4. Settlement-Building settlements, towns and cities	Towns, suburbs and villages-Activities associated with creating, planning and managing urban functions, landscapes and lifestyles in towns, suburbs and villages	19th century suburban developments-
4. Settlement-Building settlements, towns and cities	Towns, suburbs and villages-Activities associated with creating, planning and managing urban functions, landscapes and lifestyles in towns, suburbs and villages	Cultural Social and religious life-
4. Settlement-Building settlements, towns and cities	Towns, suburbs and villages-Activities associated with creating, planning and managing urban functions, landscapes and lifestyles in towns, suburbs and villages	19th Century Infrastructure-
4. Settlement-Building settlements, towns and cities	Towns, suburbs and villages-Activities associated with creating, planning and managing urban functions, landscapes and lifestyles in towns, suburbs and villages	Creating landmark structures and places in regional settings-
4. Settlement-Building settlements, towns and cities	Towns, suburbs and villages-Activities associated with creating, planning and managing urban functions, landscapes and lifestyles in towns, suburbs and villages	Decentralising metropolitan activities to provincial cities-
4. Settlement-Building settlements, towns and cities	Towns, suburbs and villages-Activities associated with creating, planning and managing urban functions, landscapes and lifestyles in towns, suburbs and villages	Beautifying towns and villages-
5. Working-Working	Labour-Activities associated with work practises and organised and unorganised labour	Working in places of public entertainment-
5. Working-Working	Labour-Activities associated with work practises and organised and unorganised labour	Working in the public service-
5. Working-Working	Labour-Activities associated with work practises and organised and unorganised labour	Working with hand tools and implements-
5. Working-Working	Labour-Activities associated with work practises and organised and unorganised labour	Working in local government-
5. Working-Working	Labour-Activities associated with work practises and organised and unorganised labour	Working with plants-
6. Educating-Educating	Education-Activities associated with teaching and learning by children and adults, formally and informally.	Community education - adults, school excursions-
6. Educating-Educating	Education-Activities associated with teaching and learning by children and adults, formally and informally.	Educating people in regional locations-
6. Educating-Educating	Education-Activities associated with teaching and learning by children and adults, formally and informally.	Private (religious) schooling-
7. Governing-Governing	Government and Administration-Activities associated with the governance of local areas, regions, the State and the nation, and the administration of public programs - includes both principled and corrupt activities.	State government-
7. Governing-Governing	Government and Administration-Activities associated with the governance of local areas, regions, the State and the nation, and the administration of public programs - includes both principled and corrupt activities.	Local government-
7. Governing-Governing	Government and Administration-Activities associated with the governance of local areas, regions, the State and the nation, and the administration of public programs - includes both principled and corrupt activities.	Developing roles for government - parks and open spaces-
7. Governing-Governing	Government and Administration-Activities associated with the governance of local areas, regions, the State and the nation, and the administration of public programs - includes both principled and corrupt activities.	Developing roles for government - conserving cultural and natural heritage-
7. Governing-Governing	Government and Administration-Activities associated with the governance of local areas, regions, the State and the nation, and the administration of public programs - includes both principled and corrupt activities.	Developing roles for government - administration of land-
8. Culture-Developing cultural institutions and ways of life	Creative endeavour-Activities associated with the production and performance of literary, artistic, architectural and other imaginative, interpretive or inventive works; and/or associated with the production and expression of cultural phenomena; and/or environments that have inspired such creative activities.	Developing cultural institutions and ways of life-National Theme 8
8. Culture-Developing cultural institutions and ways of life	Creative endeavour-Activities associated with the production and performance of literary, artistic, architectural and other imaginative, interpretive or inventive works; and/or associated with the production and expression of cultural phenomena; and/or environments that have inspired such creative activities.	work of stonemasons-
8. Culture-Developing cultural institutions and ways of life	Creative endeavour-Activities associated with the production and performance of literary, artistic, architectural and other imaginative, interpretive or inventive works; and/or associated with the production and expression of cultural phenomena; and/or environments that have inspired such creative activities.	Parks and public gardens-
8. Culture-Developing cultural institutions and ways of life	Creative endeavour-Activities associated with the production and performance of literary, artistic, architectural and other imaginative, interpretive or inventive works; and/or associated with the production and expression of cultural phenomena; and/or environments that have inspired such creative activities.	Patronising artistic endeavours-
8. Culture-Developing cultural institutions and ways of life	Creative endeavour-Activities associated with the production and performance of literary, artistic, architectural and other imaginative, interpretive or inventive works; and/or associated with the production and expression of cultural phenomena; and/or environments that have inspired such creative activities.	Architectural styles and periods - Victorian Gothic Revival-
8. Culture-Developing cultural institutions and ways of life	Creative endeavour-Activities associated with the production and performance of literary, artistic, architectural and other imaginative, interpretive or inventive works; and/or associated with the production and expression of cultural phenomena; and/or environments that have inspired such creative activities.	Designing gardens-
8. Culture-Developing cultural institutions and ways of life	Creative endeavour-Activities associated with the production and performance of literary, artistic, architectural and other imaginative, interpretive or inventive works; and/or associated with the production and expression of cultural phenomena; and/or environments that have inspired such creative activities.	Landscaping - 20th century interwar-
8. Culture-Developing cultural institutions and ways of life	Creative endeavour-Activities associated with the production and performance of literary, artistic, architectural and other imaginative, interpretive or inventive works; and/or associated with the production and expression of cultural phenomena; and/or environments that have inspired such creative activities.	Landscaping - public parks movement-
8. Culture-Developing cultural institutions and ways of life	Creative endeavour-Activities associated with the production and performance of literary, artistic, architectural and other imaginative, interpretive or inventive works; and/or associated with the production and expression of cultural phenomena; and/or environments that have inspired such creative activities.	Landscaping - Victorian gardenesque style-
8. Culture-Developing cultural institutions and ways of life	Creative endeavour-Activities associated with the production and performance of literary, artistic, architectural and other imaginative, interpretive or inventive works; and/or associated with the production and expression of cultural phenomena; and/or environments that have inspired such creative activities.	Architectural styles and periods - Victorian (late)-
8. Culture-Developing cultural institutions and ways of life	Creative endeavour-Activities associated with the production and performance of literary, artistic, architectural and other imaginative, interpretive or inventive works; and/or associated with the production and expression of cultural phenomena; and/or environments that have inspired such creative activities.	Landscaping - Federation period-
8. Culture-Developing cultural institutions and ways of life	Creative endeavour-Activities associated with the production and performance of literary, artistic, architectural and other imaginative, interpretive or inventive works; and/or associated with the production and expression of cultural phenomena; and/or environments that have inspired such creative activities.	Adaptation of overseas design for local use-
8. Culture-Developing cultural institutions and ways of life	Creative endeavour-Activities associated with the production and performance of literary, artistic, architectural and other imaginative, interpretive or inventive works; and/or associated with the production and expression of cultural phenomena; and/or environments that have inspired such creative activities.	Building in response to natural landscape features.-
8. Culture-Developing cultural institutions and ways of life	Creative endeavour-Activities associated with the production and performance of literary, artistic, architectural and other imaginative, interpretive or inventive works; and/or associated with the production and expression of cultural phenomena; and/or environments that have inspired such creative activities.	Designing landscapes in an exemplary style-
8. Culture-Developing cultural institutions and ways of life	Creative endeavour-Activities associated with the production and performance of literary, artistic, architectural and other imaginative, interpretive or inventive works; and/or associated with the production and expression of cultural phenomena; and/or environments that have inspired such creative activities.	Performing important ceremonies and rituals-
8. Culture-Developing cultural institutions and ways of life	Domestic life-Activities associated with creating, maintaining, living in and working around houses and institutions.	Ways of life 1900-1950-
8. Culture-Developing cultural institutions and ways of life	Domestic life-Activities associated with creating, maintaining, living in and working around houses and institutions.	Ways of life 1950-2000-
8. Culture-Developing cultural institutions and ways of life	Domestic life-Activities associated with creating, maintaining, living in and working around houses and institutions.	Ways of life 1850-1900-
8. Culture-Developing cultural institutions and ways of life	Domestic life-Activities associated with creating, maintaining, living in and working around houses and institutions.	Ornamental Garden-
8. Culture-Developing cultural institutions and ways of life	Leisure-Activities associated with recreation and relaxation	musical gatherings-
8. Culture-Developing cultural institutions and ways of life	Leisure-Activities associated with recreation and relaxation	Tourism-
8. Culture-Developing cultural institutions and ways of life	Leisure-Activities associated with recreation and relaxation	Outdoor concerts and performances-
8. Culture-Developing cultural institutions and ways of life	Leisure-Activities associated with recreation and relaxation	community park-
8. Culture-Developing cultural institutions and ways of life	Leisure-Activities associated with recreation and relaxation	Visiting gardens-
8. Culture-Developing cultural institutions and ways of life	Leisure-Activities associated with recreation and relaxation	Going to the park-
8. Culture-Developing cultural institutions and ways of life	Leisure-Activities associated with recreation and relaxation	Enjoying picnics-
8. Culture-Developing cultural institutions and ways of life	Leisure-Activities associated with recreation and relaxation	Visiting heritage places-
8. Culture-Developing cultural institutions and ways of life	Leisure-Activities associated with recreation and relaxation	Activities associated with relaxation and recreation-
8. Culture-Developing cultural institutions and ways of life	Leisure-Activities associated with recreation and relaxation	Enjoying public parks and gardens-
8. Culture-Developing cultural institutions and ways of life	Leisure-Activities associated with recreation and relaxation	Gathering at landmark places to socialise-
8. Culture-Developing cultural institutions and ways of life	Leisure-Activities associated with recreation and relaxation	Going shopping downtown-
8. Culture-Developing cultural institutions and ways of life	Leisure-Activities associated with recreation and relaxation	Going to church or temple or mosque-
8. Culture-Developing cultural institutions and ways of life	Religion-Activities associated with particular systems of faith and worship	Religious worship-
8. Culture-Developing cultural institutions and ways of life	Religion-Activities associated with particular systems of faith and worship	Anglican Community-
8. Culture-Developing cultural institutions and ways of life	Religion-Activities associated with particular systems of faith and worship	Practising Anglicanism-
8. Culture-Developing cultural institutions and ways of life	Religion-Activities associated with particular systems of faith and worship	Providing halls and other community facilities-
8. Culture-Developing cultural institutions and ways of life	Religion-Activities associated with particular systems of faith and worship	church hall-
8. Culture-Developing cultural institutions and ways of life	Religion-Activities associated with particular systems of faith and worship	religion (in the country)-
8. Culture-Developing cultural institutions and ways of life	Religion-Activities associated with particular systems of faith and worship	Church-
8. Culture-Developing cultural institutions and ways of life	Social institutions-Activities and organisational arrangements for the provision of social activities	Community volunteering-
8. Culture-Developing cultural institutions and ways of life	Social institutions-Activities and organisational arrangements for the provision of social activities	Providing charity-
8. Culture-Developing cultural institutions and ways of life	Social institutions-Activities and organisational arrangements for the provision of social activities	Developing and maintaining a local botanic garden-
8. Culture-Developing cultural institutions and ways of life	Social institutions-Activities and organisational arrangements for the provision of social activities	Community organisations-
8. Culture-Developing cultural institutions and ways of life	Social institutions-Activities and organisational arrangements for the provision of social activities	Belonging to an historical society or heritage organisation-
8. Culture-Developing cultural institutions and ways of life	Social institutions-Activities and organisational arrangements for the provision of social activities	Places of formal community gatherings-
8. Culture-Developing cultural institutions and ways of life	Social institutions-Activities and organisational arrangements for the provision of social activities	Places of formal community gatherings-
8. Culture-Developing cultural institutions and ways of life	Social institutions-Activities and organisational arrangements for the provision of social activities	Places of informal community gatherings-
8. Culture-Developing cultural institutions and ways of life	Social institutions-Activities and organisational arrangements for the provision of social activities	Developing local clubs and meeting places-
9. Phases of Life-Marking the phases of life	Birth and Death-Activities associated with the initial stages of human life and the bearing of children, and with the final stages of human life and disposal of the dead.	Remembering the deceased-
9. Phases of Life-Marking the phases of life	Birth and Death-Activities associated with the initial stages of human life and the bearing of children, and with the final stages of human life and disposal of the dead.	Erecting and visiting monuments and memorials-
9. Phases of Life-Marking the phases of life	Birth and Death-Activities associated with the initial stages of human life and the bearing of children, and with the final stages of human life and disposal of the dead.	War Memorial-
9. Phases of Life-Marking the phases of life	Birth and Death-Activities associated with the initial stages of human life and the bearing of children, and with the final stages of human life and disposal of the dead.	Commemorative tree planting to war dead-
9. Phases of Life-Marking the phases of life	Persons-Activities of, and associations with, identifiable individuals, families and communal groups	Associations with John Waring, Deniliquin Town Clerk, 1860s-80s-

Recommended management:

Recommendations

Management Category	Description	Date Updated
Recommended Management	Produce a Conservation Management Plan (CMP)
Recommended Management	Prepare a maintenance schedule or guidelines
Recommended Management	Carry out interpretation, promotion and/or education

Procedures /Exemptions

Section of act	Description	Title	Comments	Action date
57(2)	Exemption to allow work	Standard Exemptions	HERITAGE ACT 1977 ORDER UNDER SECTION 57(2) TO GRANT STANDARD EXEMPTIONS FROM APPROVAL I, Penny Sharpe, the Minister for Heritage, on the recommendation of the Heritage Council of New South Wales and under section 57(2) of the Heritage Act 1977: revoke the order made on 2 June 2022 and published in the Government Gazette Number 262 of 17 June 2022; and grant an exemption from section 57(1) of the Act in respect of the engaging in or carrying out the class of activities described in clause 2 Schedule A in such circumstances specified by the relevant standards in clause 2 Schedule A and General Conditions in clause 3 Schedule A. This Order takes effect on the date it is published in the NSW Government Gazette. Dated this 29th day of October 2025 The Hon Penny Sharpe MLC Minister for Heritage For more information on standard exemptions click on the link below.	Nov 7 2025

Standard exemptions for engaging in or carrying out activities / works otherwise prohibited by section 57(1) of the Heritage Act 1977

Listings

Heritage Listing	Listing Title	Listing Number	Gazette Date	Gazette Number	Gazette Page
Heritage Act - State Heritage Register		00062	02 Apr 99	27	1546
Heritage Act - Permanent Conservation Order - former		00062	06 Apr 81	52	2016

References, internet links & images

Type	Author	Year	Title
Written
Written	Black Mountain Projects (Peter Kabaila)	2020	Aboriginal and European Archaeological Assessment Report for Waring Gardens and St. Paul's Anglican Church and Hall, Cressy Street, Deniliquin, NSW
Written	Group GSA		Deniliquin Master Plan
Written	Noel Thomson Architecture	2020	Statement of Heritage Impact: Waring Gardens, Cressy Street, Deniliquin

Note: internet links may be to web pages, documents or images.

(Click on thumbnail for full size image and image details)

Data source


The information for this entry comes from the following source:
Name:	Heritage NSW
Database number:	5045469
File number:	EF14/4588;S90/03133; HC 32023

Every effort has been made to ensure that information contained in the State Heritage Inventory is correct. If you find any errors or omissions please send your comments to the Database Manager.

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