Oldbury Farm

Item details

Name of item: Oldbury Farm
Type of item: Landscape
Group/Collection: Farming and Grazing
Category: Homestead Complex
Location: Lat: -34.5302196555 Long: 150.3087690260
Primary address: Oldbury Road, Sutton Forest, NSW 2577
Parish: Bong Bong
County: Camden
Local govt. area: Wingecarribee
Local Aboriginal Land Council: Illawarra
Property description
Lot/Volume CodeLot/Volume NumberSection NumberPlan/Folio CodePlan/Folio Number
LOT1 DP559345
All addresses
Street AddressSuburb/townLGAParishCountyType
Oldbury RoadSutton ForestWingecarribeeBong BongCamdenPrimary Address

Owner/s

Organisation NameOwner CategoryDate Ownership Updated
 Private10 Mar 21

Statement of significance:

Oldbury Farm Group is significant as one of the earliest farms in the area and because of the quality and high degree of intactness of the main homestead. The significance of the site is further enhanced by its large and attractively landscaped grounds - which include numerous mature early 19th century trees - and through its association with James and Caroline Louisa Atkinson (LEP, 1990).

Oldbury is significant as an early and stylisticaly rare representative of Colonial Georgian country house (its lack of a verandah making it a reasonable contemporary English Georgian farmhouse). The building's significance is further enhanced by its extensive and attractively landscaped setting with mature 19th century trees, the quality of its original craftsmanship and detailing, its aesthetic integrity and the high degree of intactness of original features and fabric (assisted by careful and appropriate conservation)(LEP, 1990). Oldbury resembles a small English farmhouse, particularly in its setting of English trees which do well in this locality. Its style is unusual in Australia, and it is an interesting example of the good builidng craftsmanship of the time, in what was in 1828 quite a remote area of settlement (National Trust of Australia (NSW), 1981).

(garden) the importance of the garden relies solely on its rare surviving layout - the rare combination of a small, formerly enclosed, "cottage" garden before the house, giving onto an impressively scaled carriage circle.

The use of small enclosed gardens before homesteads appears to have been quite common once but few are now intact, their boundaries having been extended. Few appear to have been raised and as carefully formed as that at Oldbury, or formed in conjunction with a carriage loop.
A similar raised garden but without a carriage loop survives at Meadowvale, Appin. There is no planting of special interest (Survey of Gardens in NSW - National Trust of Australia (NSW), 1981).
Date significance updated: 15 Jun 10
Note: The State Heritage Inventory provides information about heritage items listed by local and State government agencies. The State Heritage Inventory is continually being updated by local and State agencies as new information becomes available. Read the Department of Premier and Cabinet copyright and disclaimer.

Description

Designer/Maker: James Atkinson (attrib.)
Construction years: 1822-1828
Physical description: Estate/Oldbury Group (curtilage of SHR listing)
80 acres (32ha) at the foot (north side) of Mount Gingenbullen(unattrib., 1999, 53).

The group consists of:
- the surrounding farming property;
- service yards and outbuildings;
- the garden (WI0164);
- a swimming pool, tennis court and pavilion; and
- the homestead complex and homestead (WI0057).

Rural setting/landscape/outlook:
Set on a rise at the north-western footslopes of Mt. Gingenbullen, situated at the end of Oldbury Road along European hawthorn-hedges (Crataegus oxycantha) and a European elm tree (Ulmus procera)-copse-enclosed roadway (some Monterey cypresses (Cupressus macrocarpa) and some Arizona cypresses (C.glabra) also flank Oldbury Road.

Surrounding paddocks are edged with hawthorn hedges, many being progressively re-layed in recent years in the traditional English / European manner, cutting their trunks almost through, laying vertical trunks and branches down horizontally or on an angle, pinning these to vertical stakes and encouraging coppicing shoots from the base, to keep the hedges stock-proof and dense right to the base (Stuart Read, pers.comm.)

Oldbury Creek winds through the property, crossing Oldbury Road which is unsealed. Copses of willow (Salix sp., likley crack willow, S.fragilis) line the creek, along with hawthorn seedlings (from former hedges on the property).

A pleasure garden forms the entry 'court' to the elevated homestead complex, which is set up a large circular drive, with a slip (service) drive below that on the north-eastern side, leading to sheds and yards for the farm complex.

Homestead complex and 'home garden':
The homestead complex is protected by shelter belts of hawthorns, Bhutan cypresses (Cupressus torulosa) and (to its rear/south) closely-shaved hybrid cypresses (x Cuprocyparis leylandii 'Leighton's Green')). Some old and tall Monterey pines (Pinus radiata) remain to the house's southwest which frame the garden and shelter it from westerly winds (thaqt are strong in this area)(Stuart Read, pers.comm., 30/8/13).

The house has two 'wing' blocks, one a traditional separated kitchen block. To the west a further additional pavilion building has been adapted as a family room. Behind the complex are gently terraced gardens with some old fruit trees (apples, crabapples), herbs and flower beds.

A rear paddock rises sharply behind the house, to a flat paved seating area with fine views out over the homestead complex to the valley it surveys. Further hawthorn hedges separate the further rise of hill slope up Mount Gingenbullen (Stuart Read, pers.comm., 6/11/2018).

Drives and Pleasure Garden:
The homestead complex is surrounded by large exotic trees and lawns (ibid, 30/8/13). Its garden is sheltered on the west by a border planting of old and tall Monterey pines (Pinus radiata)(now senescent and all but one since (2013) removed),a Himalayan cedar (Cedrus deodara) to the house's southwest frame the garden and shelter it from westerly winds (strong in this area)(Stuart Read, pers.comm., 28/8/2013). Some older oaks (Quercus sp.) in front and east of the house and old Mediterranean cypress (Cupressus sempervirens)(2) to the house's rear/south.

From the gates (modern) a short straight section of drive leads into a large circular carriage loop set in expansive lawn.
A level, approximately semi circular area before the house is raised above the carriage drive and approached from it by stone steps from which a straight central stone flagged path leads to the house.

Old illustrations suggest that this garden before the house was formerly hedged and there is evidence of a gate being set at the top of the steps. The eastern side of this terrace has been roughly stone flagged in recent years.

Although the terrace and carriage circle appear to be of mid nineteenth century form, it is possible that they are not contemporary (NTA, 1981).

A modern drive branches off the carriage loop near (south-east of) the house leading to garages converted from outbuildings to the south-east and replacing the older service drive to the east which was separate to the main drive.

One large old Monterey pine to the east of the house and side drive remains and other younger Monterey pines to the house's east. Otherwise apart from the many old elms on the garden's edges, the road and paddocks, some very old shrubs, such as common lilac (Syringa vulgaris cv.), Cotoneaster sp., fruit trees such as plum (Prunus domestica cv.), apple (Malus sylvestris cv.) at the rear, there is little more old planting.

There is one white camellia left in the garden, adjacent at Oldbury Farm. This is perhaps the most amazing find: Camellia japonica 'Planipetala' (Borzone, Italy, 1951) adjacent the the farmhouse. The incurved petal arrangement gives an important clue (there is nothing else in that period to match it - we also have matching 19th century prints. I will contact the school about this: the gardener informed me that it was an old camellia that had been heavily chopped back...Camellia Ark Australia has a particular interest in this plant (Stephen Utick, 3/11/2018 email, Secretary, Camellia Ark Australia). The specimen at Oldbury Farm was old, very old in fact, although head gardener Ian Carroll has been unable to find any planting records. Head gardener Ian Carroll (who also did not know what the camellia was) advised that it was a very old camellia that he had cut down close to the stump. The surgery had ultimately led to outstanding thick regrowth giving the illusion that the plant was comparatively young - but it wasn't (Camellia Ark Australia newsletter, 3/2019, 9-10).

A range of modern planting has been added since the 1990s including an extent of Leyland cypress (x Cuprocyparis leylandii 'Leighton's Green') hedging to the house's rear, compartmentalising the rear garden and 'home paddock'.

To the house's south-west are a formal (and cypress-hedged/screened) vegetable garden area and beyond that, a line of Monterey cypress and another of Leyland cypresses have been added to on the east by another of sweet gums (Liquidambar styraciflua). The space between the two cypress rows has been converted into a 'native walk' or garden, with topiary shaping of native species, since April 2013. It is intended to extend this up the slope of Mount Gingenbullen through native vegetation corridors in the farm's paddocks.

In particular since c.2013 a programme of rejuvenation of the garden and farm has been underway. Old flagged paths have been relaid in sandstone. Adjoining areas of farm paddock have been incorporated into the garden as 'nature garden', magnolia walk, prairie garden and arboretum (tree collection). The aim is to surround the historic core with parkland lawns and extend towards Oldbury Cottage garden, without disturbing the historic character of Oldbury. Landscape designers Chris and Charlotte Webb have more recently been advising on design and plant selection to the two gardeners on site (Oldbury Farm, 2014).

Under the elms at the front gate and drive thousands of European bluebells (Endymion non-scriptus) have been planted for their blue spring flowers. Benches and a small bridge over the new stream or prairie garden have been added. The latter is planted with perennials and decorative grasses in 2013. This creek flows when there is enough rain to overflow the large farm dam above (south-east of the house).

Tennis Court:
with stone pavilion (unattrib., 1999, 53), set back behind mature European elm trees to the east of the homestead group and slightly uphill, serviced by both drives which converge infront of sheds, a petrol pump and general turn-around area. The court is fenced with shade-cloth clad high fencing.

Swimming Pool:
glass-tiled, heated and situated to the south-east of the homestead complex, screened by tightly clipped hybrid cypress hedges (ibid, 1999, 53). An adapted farm building serves as change rooms and facilities.

Arboretum (NB: outside the SHR curtilage to the east and uphill, adjoining Oldbury Road and one farm dam):
To the northeast of the dam and house garden a new 5 acre arboretum with a loop walk has been created since 2013, in converted farm paddocks. A pinetum (collection of pine species), native garden, firepit and lookout on the top of the spur to the north-east have been added. At the top end of the loop walk is a new hedge of hawthorn, as part of an ongoing program of farm hawthorn hedge relaying and replanting. At the bottom near the dam is a very old hedge relayed in 2012..

On the western side of the house, broadleaf trees have been planted. On the east side, the Chinese pistachio (Pistacia chinensis) and golden elm (Ulmus x hollandica 'Lutescens'). Hybrid plane trees (Platanus x hybrida) flank the side drive to the house's east.

One old white camellia is in Oldbury's garden, a Camellia japonica 'Planipetala', (Italy, 1951), "the most amazing find". The incurved petal arrangement gives an important clue (there is nothing else in that period to match it - we also have matching 19th century prints. Oldbury's head gardener informed me that it was an old camellia that had been heavily chopped back. I will contact the school about this. Camellia Ark would have a particular interest in this plant (Dr Stephen Utick, Secretary, Camellia Ark Australia, email 3/11/2018).

Oldbury Cottage: (NB: outside SHR curtilage)
To Oldbury Farm's south-east and slightly uphill on Oldbury Road to the east (outside the SHR curtilage) is Oldbury Cottage, a (at times) separately-held property on Oldbury Road, historically part of the broader Oldbury Farm estate. This comprises a very early colonial stone cottage, pavilion extension and outbuildings, with garden and surrounded by protective Monterey pines and hawthorn hedging.

Homestead complex:
The homestead itself is approached by a single gravel drive, with a large carriage loop directly in front of the house. The drive divides and a rear drive winds around the eastern side of house and garden to a range of outbuildings and service yards and the rear garden and paddocks.

Homestead:
Oldbury is a simple, two-storey, Colonial, Georgian house which retains its original joinery. The roof has a single pitch with a longer slope at the rear, covering rooms in which the floor level is lower than those in front of the house.

The house has eight rooms, a hall, passages, offices and cellar beneath. It is built of stone, with a (non original) timber shingle roof and has a simple, Doric, timber portico. It has four living rooms, five bedrooms and four cellar rooms (unattrib., 1999, 53).

It has small paned casement windows and six panelled doors set in panelled jambs with elaborate architraves. The entrance door is a wide pair of French windows with Georgian glazing. The wide entrance hall with a timber, cantilevered stair, beneath which a door with a semi-circular fanlight leads to the rear of the house, is particularly fine. In the living room, to the left of the hall on entering, is a cedar fireplace of unusual design and good craftsmanship. The cellars are formed by the deep foundations and paved with brick and stone. Its ceilings are lined with lathe and plaster. The house is in good condition (LEP, 1990).

Kitchen and Dairy:
At each end of the stone flagged verandah at the rear of the house there ia a seperate stone building - one previously a kitchen, and the other one a dairy.

Study/Retreat (possible former Stables):
In the grounds (west of the homestead complex on the same level as its rear) are a Study/Retreat, adaptively reused - possibly a former stables (unattrib., 1999, 53).
Date condition updated:28 Apr 14
Modifications and dates: 1920s the roof was altered in form and materials. Present shingle roof replaces an earlier corrugated iron roof (shown in 1964 National Trust Listing Proposal); timber shutters are also new (post 1964).

1983 - total restoration by Clive Lucas & Partners, including putting the roof back to its original form (had been altered in the 1920s), reshingling the roof, reconstructing the front portico and front steps - all work based on measured drawings/drawings by William Hardy Wilson in the 1910s/20s.

6-8/2012: the hawthorn hedges on Oldbury farm have been re-layed in the traditional method - cutting stems/trunks, 'laying' these on an angle, staking and pinning them to make them dense and stock-proof at ground/stock level.
Further information: 1981: Until recent times however, there was little respect for the concept of design. Modern planting has been random and unsatisfactory but insufficient to destroy the integrity of the original design. Restoration is in progress (Survey of Gardens in NSW - National Trust of Australia (NSW), 1981).

c2011/12 - On the west of the front door an old black locust (Robinia pseudoacacia) flanked the flight of steps leading to the front door and overhung the house. (possibly the remnant of shrubberies either side of the steps which also show in a nineteenth century illustration). It recently suffered storm damage and was removed.

c2012/13 - a large golden Monterey cypress at its centre (20th century planting - was removed, opening up the carriage drive view in and out again.
Current use: rural residence and estate
Former use: Aboriginal land, colonial farm estate, rural residence

History

Historical notes: INDIGENOUS HISTORY
Gundungurra or Gandangarra people lived in the Southern Highlands area, which includes Mittagong, for many thousands of years. People who spoke the Gundungurra language lived in the Blue Mountains, the Southern Highlands and the Goulburn Plains of New South Wales. They lived in small groups of extended family members, who were attached to particular country areas. After Anglo-European settlers caused displacement of Gundungurra people, they often worked on farms or grazing properties within and adjacent to their traditional countries (Di Johnson: 2004).

Gundungurra groups left archaeological evidence of their occupation throughout their traditional homelands, including scarred trees where bark was removed for use as a boat or other object, grinding grooves on rocks where axes were ground, and occupation sites which include middens. Well-worn Gundungurra pathways on ridge tops were often the routes used as the first roads by colonists (Di Johnson, 2004). Possibly this could have been the origin of the Old South Road where the Hassall and Jefferis Cottages are located.

The area is home to the Tharawal and Gungungurra people (Robinson, 2008).

Camden and the Cow Pastures:
The area is associated with the early history of the colony of New South Wales. Governor Hunter named it 'The Cowpastures' after cattle which had strayed from the Farm Cove settlement were discovered there in 1795 (to the south-west of Sydney). Due to the early European settlers, namely the Macarthurs, who established flourishing wool, wine and wheat industries here, the area is said to be the 'birthplace of the nation's wealth' (ibid, 2008).

Sutton Forest:
The first expedition to the area (Sutton Forest) by Europeans took place in 1798 by a party of convicts, soldiers and servants. Ex-convict John Wilson led the party, which was sent by Governor Macquarie reportedly to refute the story among the convicts that China was no more than 150 miles to the south. A second expedition was dispatched the same year in search of salt. A member of one of these expeditions reported from Mount Gingenbullen: 'We got to the top of the hill, where we had a most delightful prospect of the country and in my opinion one of the finest in the world, it certainly must be pleasing to any many to view so fine a country (Cavanough et al, 1988, 21).

By 1815, evidence suggests there were cattle belonging to Surveyor-General Lt. Oxley and William Moore grazing in the district. c.1819, Macquarie granted 1000 acres of land at Moss Vale to Dr Charles Throsby, a surgeon from Leicester, England, who had undertaken exploration in the district and surveyed a new road through the area over the Mittagong Range. This was completed by 1820 and named Argyle Road (Rappoport, 1994, 4, citing Partidge & Davies, 1989).
Thosby named his estate 'Throsby Park'. In 1820 Macquarie visited the area southwest of Moss Vale with Commissioner Bigge and named it Sutton Forest after the Speaker of the British House of Commons, Charles Manners Sutton. Macquarie described the locality as 'particularly beautiful and rich - resembling a fine pleasure ground in England' (ibid, 1994, 4). He chose a site for a new town, which was to be called Bong Bong, and a Police Station and Inn called The Argyle were constructed there. However the village was never properly established on the site due to its unreliable water supply and a difficult road traverse (ibid, 2003, 4).

Further grants were made to settlers from the 1820s onwards.

James Atkinson and Oldbury:
On 9 July 1822 James Atkinson received a grant of 800 acres, later extended to 2000 acres. Atkinson was born in Kent, England in 1795 and arrived in Sydney in 1820, aged 25 as a free settler on the "Saracen". From 1820-22 he was a principal clerk in the Colonial Secretary's Office. After receiving his grant he named his estate 'Oldbury' and commenced farming and flour milling. He was a progressive farmer who attempted to raise the efficiency of farming in NSW and upon returning to England for a time, wrote two books: 'An Account of the State of Agriculture & Grazing in NSW' (1826) and 'On the Expediency and Necessity of Encouraging Distilling and Brewing from Grain in NSW' (1829) (ibid, 2003, 4)(LEP, 1990)(1794-1834)/

Atkinson was an intelligent and articulate man with a practical understanding of farming (Muir, 1908, 7) and named 'Oldbury' after his home in Kent.

In 1825 Atkinson returned to England and wrote "An Account of the State of Agriculture and Grazing in New South Wales" which was published there. This was considered a 'judicious and ably written treatise' and is still regarded as a valuable source of information relating to farming methods and conditions in the early days of the colony (Muir, 1908, 7).

Maguire (2002) adds that Atkinson published several papers on Agricultural matters between 1826 and 1829 - the best known of which is the one cited above, which was favourably reviewed by English (in fact, Scottish) author and polymath publisher, John Claudius Loudon.

Muir (1908, 5) notes Charlotte was contracted to Mrs Harriet King, wife of (naval) Commander Phillip Parker King, son of NSW Governor King (1800-06)) for their children. P.P., Harriet King and their children had returned to England in late 1826. Hannibal Macarthur had married Anna Maria King, sister of Phillip Parker King, and quite naturally they had asked their sister-in-law to find a governess for their children while she was in England). Charlotte and James met on the voyage to Australia and within 10 days on ship, were engaged (Muir, 1908, 5-6).

Returning to Australia in 1826, Atkinson met Charlotte Waring onboard, becoming engaged within ten days, much to the chagrin of Harriet King. Charlotte was 29 and had been driven by financial necessity to take this post as governess. Mrs King was scandalised in her letters to her husband, but Miss Waring said it should not interfere with their arrangement, she would not stay with them longer than she was obliged to. (Muir, 1908, 5-6)

James Atkinson married Charlotte and applied to the Colonial Secretary for more land (1200 acres), which he received, and then proceeded to build Oldbury in 1828.

He first built a simple wooden cottage, doubtless of the type advocated in his book, and this is indicated in the 1828 census; soon afterwards he built a substantial stone house, which is still standing; he also erected the first windmill in the district (Muir, 1908, 7).

The term 'villa' was first used in England in the 17th century, partly from the Latin and Italian 'country house, farm', perhaps derived from the stem of vicus (village). The villa was a country mansion or residence, together with a farm, farm-buildings, or other house attached, built or occupied by a person of some position and wealth. It was taken to include a country seat or estate and later a residence in the country or in the neighbourhood of a town, usually standing in its own grounds. From this is was appropriated by the middleof the 18th century to mean a residence of a superior type, in the suburbs of a town or in a residential district, such as that occupied by a person of the middle class, and also a small, better-class dwelling house, usually detached or semi-detached. The term 'villa garden' was used in the context of Hobart and Sydney residences in the 1830s, and if near the coast or harbour, the appellation 'marine villa' was often applied. Australian origins probably date from the grant conditions applied to Sydney's Woolloomooloo Hill (1827, under Governor Darling), which obligated the construction of villas fulfilling certain conditions... 'with garden like domain, and external offices for stables and domestic economy' (John Buonarotti Papworth, 1825, quoted in James Broadbent's 1997 book, 'The Australian Colonial House'). Many gardens of 19th century villas followed Gardenesque conventions, with garden ornaments often complementing the architecture of the house. The term had acquired such widespread usage by the 1850s that when Jane Loudon issued a new editiion of her husband (John Claudius Loudon)'s 'Suburban Gardener and Villa Companion' (1838) she merely entitled the revised work 'The Villa Gardener' (1850). This coincided with a growing period of suburbanisation in Australia with consequent fostering of the nursery trade... By the 1880s, descriptions of Australian villas implied sufficient room for a lawn on two or three fronts of the residence...(Aitken, 2002, 619-20).

Atkinson was certainly a friend of the Macarthurs and a respected and successful colonist; prior to embarking on the "Cumberland" he had visited Saxony to buy sheep with Charles Macarthur, Hannibal's brother, who died shortly after his return to Australia. Atkinson published an article on this visit on his return to Sydney in the 'Australian Journal' (Muir, 1908, 7).

He evidently started milling flour on his property as well as dairy farming. He encouraged (progressive) activities such as ploughing matches. At Oldbury he created a model farm which won widespread admiration (Oldbury Farm, 2014).

Four children were born to Charlotte and James: Charlotte Elizabeth (22/7/1828); Jane Emily (6/6/1830); James John Oldbury (7/4/1832) and Caroline Louisa Warig (25/2/1834). Two months after Louisa's birth, James Atkinson died (Muir, 1908, 7), "a gentleman of considerable literary attainments and as a practical agriculturist ...second to none in the colony" wrote the 'Sydney Gazette' (3/5/1834) and 'a gentleman of great energy and considerable talent' 'Sydney Monitor, 3/3/1824) and his death was considered a loss to the Colony (Muir, 1908, 7).

Fortunately for Charlotte, with four children ranging in age from six years to 8 weeks, he left her well-provided for, ihis estate being valued at more than 4000 pounds, a substantial amount for those days (Muir, 1908, 7). Charlotte, according to her daughter (Louisa), 'possessd through life brilliant talents and great courage of mind. No words could too highly praise her excellent and worth'. She was highly intelligent, had come from a family with a cultured background and almost certainly was well educated for a woman of her time. (Muir, 1908, 5).

The family continued to live at Oldbury, and on 3 March 1836, Charlotte married ... George Bruce Barton, a settler of the same parish. According to Louisa's notes, Barton was a friend of her father, 'a clever man, but who shortly became a furious maniac, and had to be kept under restraint. A separation was necessary as his reason never properly returned. There was no child by this marriage.'. From this time on, Charlotte was faced with legal and probably financial problems; she had an uncompromising disposition and offended people, and did not get on well with the trustees of Atkinson's estate. For a while she took her family to live at Budgong, about 20 miles from Oldbury, where Atkinson had a cattle station on a creek which flows intot he Shoalhaven RIver. This was only temporary, as there was no dwelling there suitable for permanent living. She then appears to have lived in Sydney for a number of years, possibly to give the children better educational opportunties. Certainly, Oldbury was let from 1841 for a period, though the family had returned there to live by 1847, and in 1853 James (Jr.) inherited it. At one stage Mrs Barton and Louisa were said to have been living in the Sydney suburb of Burwood, after the two other daughters had married, and certainly by 1860 they had gone to live at Fernhurst, the houe Charlotte had built at Kurrajong, hoping hte climate would be beneficial to Louisa for her health (Muir, 1908, 7-8).

Charlotte Barton wrote the first published childrens' book in Australia: 'A Mother's offering to her children'. This was published by M. Evans, bookseller, in Sydney in 1841, and was misattributed to Lady Gordon Bremer in Sir John Ferguson's 'Bibliography of Australia' (Muir, 1908, 3).

Their youngest daughter Caroline Louisa (1834-1872) was always delicate. Too frail to be sent to school, she benefited by her other's tuition, and was the most talented in the (a talented) family, as her writings show (Muir, 1908, 8). She spent her youth writing and collecting and drawing animals and botanical specimens near her home(s) - first at Oldbury and later at Kurrajong (Fernhurst) in the Blue Mountains and on the South Coast of NSW. A keen horse rider, she would set out on horseback to gain access to deep gullies and high ridges. At 23 she published her first novel, 'Gertrude the Immigrant: a Tale of Colonial Life' which was to be followed by five more (some were serialised in the 'Sydney Mail' (1861-72) and regular columns in the 'Sydney News' (1853-55), 'Sydney Morning Herald' and 'SYDNEY MAIL' (1860-71), where her columns entitled 'A Voice from the Country' were often accompanied by her own sketches. It was as a botanist however that her contributions were most valuable. She corresponded with the leading botanists of the day, including (making collections of botanical specimens for) The Rev. William Woolls (of Parramatta) and Baron von Mueller (Govt. Botanist of Victoria, Director of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Melbourne), who named a species of mistletoe, Nuytsia (syn.Atkinsonia ligustrina) after her. Xanthosia atkinsoniana, Erechtites atkinsoniae (now Senecio bipinnatisectus) and the heath Epacris calvertiana also carry her name(s)(Maguire, 2002, 34-35).

Louisa Atkinson was as well as a botanist, a naturalist, artist and author of many books on native flora and fauna ... and of many authoritative publications on Australian fauna)(Oldbury Farm, 2014). Her botanical knowledge was recognised by leading botanists of the day, and she made drawings both scientifically correct and aesthetically pleasing, her ability perhaps having been inherited through her mother from the London grandfather (Muir, 1908, 8).

Louisa, her sisters and brother spent their earliest years in this house, garden, farm and surrounds. She became one of Australia's earliest botanical explorers. The first Australian native-born woman novelist (as Morris Miller's 'Australian Literature' attests), Louisa was one of the earliest women journalists. She was also an artist of technical ability and great verve of expression (Crittendon, 1996, 18-19).

In 1869 Louisa married explorer and naturalist James Calvert (1825-84) who had accompanied Ludwig Leichhardt on his 1844-45 expedition. Always interested in horticulture, he won a medal at the London International Exhibition (1862) for his entry on the possible commercial cultivation of native flax (Maguire, 2002, 35).

Her regular popular natural history columns in the 'Sydney Morning Herald' were re-published by Victor Crittenden in two volumes through his Mulini Press in 1978 as 'A Voice from the Country' and as 'Excursions from Berrima and a Trip to Manaro and Molonglo in the 1870s', articles about her travels and botanical searches on the Southern Tablelands of NSW (Crittendon, 1996, 18-19).

Louisa's first novels originally appeared as serials in the 'Sydney Mail' and only her first two novels, 'Gertrude the Emigrant' and 'Cowanda, the Veteran's Grant' were published as books in her lifetime (Crittendon, 1996, 18-19). She published six novels, including 'Cowanda' or the "Veteran's Grant', appeared in book form in 1859, the others were serialised in the 'Sydney Morning Herald' and the 'Sydney Mail'. She also contibuted regular articles thorughout the 1860s under the pseudonym 'A Voice from the Country', which showed her outstanding natural history knowledge, fluent and graceful literary style (Muir, 1908, 8). 'Myra', 'The Debatable Ground' and 'Tom Hellicar's Children' were re-published by Mulini Press and they give a wonderful view of Australian country life. 'Tom Hellicar's Children' paints a picture of childhood in the Berrima district and recalled her own memories of life at Oldbury. The novel recounts the cruel treatment of three children by their guardian uncle. They are dispossessed of their idealistic home as Louisa was when her father died and the whole family fled from their brutal alcoholic stepfather (Crittendon, 1996, 18-19).

Louise Lawson's book 'The Distant Sound of Native Voices' focused on Atkinson's writings on Aboriginals - some of Louisa's earliest published illustrations were of Aboriginal remains near Oldbury. Lawson's 1995 book 'The Natural Art of Louisa Atkinson' (State Library of NSW Press) presented Louisa's writings and artwork. Louisa was trained in art by her mother Charlotte, who had in turn received lessons from John Glover. Louisa prepared a book of her own artwork for publication, which has never been traced. It was to include the botanical and flower paintings, birds and animals of NSW. Ferdinand von Muller, with whom she had corresponded on botany over the years, had sent the book to Germany to have the illustrations engraved by experts. The book was never published as she died while it was in preparation and it disappeared. It may have been burnt in the great bonfires at Oldbury when the house was sold some years after her death. She died tragically in 1872 (Crittenden, 1996, 18-19). She died tragically just 18 days after giving birth to her only child, a daughter, Louise Snowden Calvert (Maguire, 2000, 35).

The avenue of English (European) elms was planted by Atkinson, his idea being to continue them to Mereworth, as a link to his brother John's property, Mereworth (LEP, 1990). John's property, Mereworth is situated on the western side of the (present) Hume Highway from Oldbury and the two were connected by an unsealed road (now bissected by the realigned Hume Highway)(Stuart Read, pers.comm., 8/6/2010).

In 1976 Oldbury was owned by Mrs. J. McDonald (Simpson, quoted in Nesta Griffiths, 1976).

In 1999 Americans Ed and Dianne O'Neal and son Edward became the now-60 acre Oldbury's owners and inhabitants. Ed runs Australia's fifth largest bank, St. George and Dianne is involved with restoring their American historic homes and Oldbury, along with their Sydney residence, Atherfield. The O'Neals are furnishing Oldbury with some English antiques and with Australian furniture of the period. (unattrib., 1999, 51).

A program in recent years of rejuvenation, replanting and revival of layed hawthorn hedges on the farm has been implemented. Hedge laying is an old European practice which produces stock-proof farm hedges. A similar program of rejuvenation of the garden has been underway in recent years (Oldbury Farm, 2014). English (Shropshire) master hedge-layer Mark Fowles was brought out to nearby Sutton Forest estate Whitley (Nottle, 1985, 80) and re-laid its hawthorn hedges for Whitley's then owner John Hawkins in 1983 and 1986 and trained Geoff Mc Donald (from Oldbury estate) in the craft. John Hawkins moved to Tasmania, and (it is assumed that in the interim, Mark Knowles had died), Hawkins brought out Karl Liebscher (who knew Mark Knowles) from England to lay the hedges at 'Bentleigh', Chudleigh, Tasmania (and Liebscher may have trained James Boxall in hedge laying. In the 2000s David Newby got the contact for Karl from John Hawkins and had him come to Oldbury (from England) to do more hedge-laying and renovating. Karl trained Ian Carroll (Oldbury gardener) in hedge-laying. In c.2016 James Boxall took over renovating and laying the estate hedges at Oldbury in conjunction with Ian Carroll (Chris Webb, pers.comm., 21/6/2018).

Historic themes

Australian theme (abbrev)New South Wales themeLocal theme
1. Environment-Tracing the evolution of a continent's special environments Environment - naturally evolved-Activities associated with the physical surroundings that support human life and influence or shape human cultures. Gardens-
1. Environment-Tracing the evolution of a continent's special environments Environment - naturally evolved-Activities associated with the physical surroundings that support human life and influence or shape human cultures. Other open space-
1. Environment-Tracing the evolution of a continent's special environments Environment - naturally evolved-Activities associated with the physical surroundings that support human life and influence or shape human cultures. River flats-
1. Environment-Tracing the evolution of a continent's special environments Environment - naturally evolved-Activities associated with the physical surroundings that support human life and influence or shape human cultures. Cultural: Conserving and protecting natural features-
1. Environment-Tracing the evolution of a continent's special environments Environment - naturally evolved-Activities associated with the physical surroundings that support human life and influence or shape human cultures. Cultural: Plains and plateaux supporting human activities-
1. Environment-Tracing the evolution of a continent's special environments Environment - naturally evolved-Activities associated with the physical surroundings that support human life and influence or shape human cultures. Changing the environment-
2. Peopling-Peopling the continent Aboriginal cultures and interactions with other cultures-Activities associated with maintaining, developing, experiencing and remembering Aboriginal cultural identities and practices, past and present. Aboriginal Culture-
2. Peopling-Peopling the continent Aboriginal cultures and interactions with other cultures-Activities associated with maintaining, developing, experiencing and remembering Aboriginal cultural identities and practices, past and present. Gandangara Nation - sites evidencing occupation-
3. Economy-Developing local, regional and national economies Agriculture-Activities relating to the cultivation and rearing of plant and animal species, usually for commercial purposes, can include aquaculture Private farming-
3. Economy-Developing local, regional and national economies Agriculture-Activities relating to the cultivation and rearing of plant and animal species, usually for commercial purposes, can include aquaculture Ancillary structures fencing-
3. Economy-Developing local, regional and national economies Agriculture-Activities relating to the cultivation and rearing of plant and animal species, usually for commercial purposes, can include aquaculture Ancillary structures - wells, cisterns-
3. Economy-Developing local, regional and national economies Agriculture-Activities relating to the cultivation and rearing of plant and animal species, usually for commercial purposes, can include aquaculture Marking the transition from pastoralism to agriculture-
3. Economy-Developing local, regional and national economies Agriculture-Activities relating to the cultivation and rearing of plant and animal species, usually for commercial purposes, can include aquaculture Experimenting with new crops and methods-
3. Economy-Developing local, regional and national economies Agriculture-Activities relating to the cultivation and rearing of plant and animal species, usually for commercial purposes, can include aquaculture Clearing land for farming-
3. Economy-Developing local, regional and national economies Environment - cultural landscape-Activities associated with the interactions between humans, human societies and the shaping of their physical surroundings Landscapes of food production-
3. Economy-Developing local, regional and national economies Environment - cultural landscape-Activities associated with the interactions between humans, human societies and the shaping of their physical surroundings Landscapes and countryside of rural charm-
3. Economy-Developing local, regional and national economies Environment - cultural landscape-Activities associated with the interactions between humans, human societies and the shaping of their physical surroundings Landscapes demonstrating styles in landscape design-
3. Economy-Developing local, regional and national economies Environment - cultural landscape-Activities associated with the interactions between humans, human societies and the shaping of their physical surroundings Gardens and landscapes reminiscent of an 'old country'-
3. Economy-Developing local, regional and national economies Environment - cultural landscape-Activities associated with the interactions between humans, human societies and the shaping of their physical surroundings Significant tree(s) providing rural amenity or character-
3. Economy-Developing local, regional and national economies Environment - cultural landscape-Activities associated with the interactions between humans, human societies and the shaping of their physical surroundings Landscapes of scenic beauty-
3. Economy-Developing local, regional and national economies Pastoralism-Activities associated with the breeding, raising, processing and distribution of livestock for human use Agisting and fattening stock for slaughter-
3. Economy-Developing local, regional and national economies Pastoralism-Activities associated with the breeding, raising, processing and distribution of livestock for human use Pastoral homestead-
3. Economy-Developing local, regional and national economies Pastoralism-Activities associated with the breeding, raising, processing and distribution of livestock for human use Livestock structures-
4. Settlement-Building settlements, towns and cities Accommodation-Activities associated with the provision of accommodation, and particular types of accommodation – does not include architectural styles – use the theme of Creative Endeavour for such activities. Country Homes-
4. Settlement-Building settlements, towns and cities Accommodation-Activities associated with the provision of accommodation, and particular types of accommodation – does not include architectural styles – use the theme of Creative Endeavour for such activities. Country Homes-
4. Settlement-Building settlements, towns and cities Accommodation-Activities associated with the provision of accommodation, and particular types of accommodation – does not include architectural styles – use the theme of Creative Endeavour for such activities. Adapted heritage building or structure-
4. Settlement-Building settlements, towns and cities Accommodation-Activities associated with the provision of accommodation, and particular types of accommodation – does not include architectural styles – use the theme of Creative Endeavour for such activities. Accommodating convicts-
4. Settlement-Building settlements, towns and cities Accommodation-Activities associated with the provision of accommodation, and particular types of accommodation – does not include architectural styles – use the theme of Creative Endeavour for such activities. Country Villa-
4. Settlement-Building settlements, towns and cities Accommodation-Activities associated with the provision of accommodation, and particular types of accommodation – does not include architectural styles – use the theme of Creative Endeavour for such activities. Housing farming families-
4. Settlement-Building settlements, towns and cities Accommodation-Activities associated with the provision of accommodation, and particular types of accommodation – does not include architectural styles – use the theme of Creative Endeavour for such activities. Housing for farm and station hands-
4. Settlement-Building settlements, towns and cities Accommodation-Activities associated with the provision of accommodation, and particular types of accommodation – does not include architectural styles – use the theme of Creative Endeavour for such activities. Housing working animals-
4. Settlement-Building settlements, towns and cities Land tenure-Activities and processes for identifying forms of ownership and occupancy of land and water, both Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal 1820s-1850s land grants-
4. Settlement-Building settlements, towns and cities Land tenure-Activities and processes for identifying forms of ownership and occupancy of land and water, both Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal Administering and alienating Crown lands-
4. Settlement-Building settlements, towns and cities Land tenure-Activities and processes for identifying forms of ownership and occupancy of land and water, both Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal Changing land uses - from rural to tourist-
4. Settlement-Building settlements, towns and cities Land tenure-Activities and processes for identifying forms of ownership and occupancy of land and water, both Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal Sub-division of large estates-
4. Settlement-Building settlements, towns and cities Land tenure-Activities and processes for identifying forms of ownership and occupancy of land and water, both Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal Granting Crown lands for private farming-
4. Settlement-Building settlements, towns and cities Towns, suburbs and villages-Activities associated with creating, planning and managing urban functions, landscapes and lifestyles in towns, suburbs and villages Country Estate-
4. Settlement-Building settlements, towns and cities Towns, suburbs and villages-Activities associated with creating, planning and managing urban functions, landscapes and lifestyles in towns, suburbs and villages Rural orchards-
5. Working-Working Labour-Activities associated with work practises and organised and unorganised labour Working on pastoral stations-
5. Working-Working Labour-Activities associated with work practises and organised and unorganised labour Working independently on the land-
5. Working-Working Labour-Activities associated with work practises and organised and unorganised labour Working with animals-
5. Working-Working Labour-Activities associated with work practises and organised and unorganised labour Servants quarters-
5. Working-Working Labour-Activities associated with work practises and organised and unorganised labour Supporting women with domestic work-
5. Working-Working Labour-Activities associated with work practises and organised and unorganised labour Providing child care-
5. Working-Working Labour-Activities associated with work practises and organised and unorganised labour Working in orchards-
5. Working-Working Labour-Activities associated with work practises and organised and unorganised labour Working on the land-
5. Working-Working Labour-Activities associated with work practises and organised and unorganised labour Working with plants-
7. Governing-Governing Government and Administration-Activities associated with the governance of local areas, regions, the State and the nation, and the administration of public programs - includes both principled and corrupt activities. Colonial government-
7. Governing-Governing Government and Administration-Activities associated with the governance of local areas, regions, the State and the nation, and the administration of public programs - includes both principled and corrupt activities. Local government-
7. Governing-Governing Government and Administration-Activities associated with the governance of local areas, regions, the State and the nation, and the administration of public programs - includes both principled and corrupt activities. Developing roles for government - administration of land-
7. Governing-Governing Government and Administration-Activities associated with the governance of local areas, regions, the State and the nation, and the administration of public programs - includes both principled and corrupt activities. Developing roles for government - grants of land for agriculture-
7. Governing-Governing Government and Administration-Activities associated with the governance of local areas, regions, the State and the nation, and the administration of public programs - includes both principled and corrupt activities. Developing roles for government - facilitating pastoralism-
7. Governing-Governing Government and Administration-Activities associated with the governance of local areas, regions, the State and the nation, and the administration of public programs - includes both principled and corrupt activities. Developing roles for government - facilitating agriculture-
8. Culture-Developing cultural institutions and ways of life Creative endeavour-Activities associated with the production and performance of literary, artistic, architectural and other imaginative, interpretive or inventive works; and/or associated with the production and expression of cultural phenomena; and/or environments that have inspired such creative activities. Building in response to natural landscape features.-
8. Culture-Developing cultural institutions and ways of life Creative endeavour-Activities associated with the production and performance of literary, artistic, architectural and other imaginative, interpretive or inventive works; and/or associated with the production and expression of cultural phenomena; and/or environments that have inspired such creative activities. Landscaping - Victorian period-
8. Culture-Developing cultural institutions and ways of life Creative endeavour-Activities associated with the production and performance of literary, artistic, architectural and other imaginative, interpretive or inventive works; and/or associated with the production and expression of cultural phenomena; and/or environments that have inspired such creative activities. Landscaping - colonial period-
8. Culture-Developing cultural institutions and ways of life Creative endeavour-Activities associated with the production and performance of literary, artistic, architectural and other imaginative, interpretive or inventive works; and/or associated with the production and expression of cultural phenomena; and/or environments that have inspired such creative activities. Landscaping - 20th century interwar-
8. Culture-Developing cultural institutions and ways of life Creative endeavour-Activities associated with the production and performance of literary, artistic, architectural and other imaginative, interpretive or inventive works; and/or associated with the production and expression of cultural phenomena; and/or environments that have inspired such creative activities. Landscaping - 20th century post WW2-
8. Culture-Developing cultural institutions and ways of life Creative endeavour-Activities associated with the production and performance of literary, artistic, architectural and other imaginative, interpretive or inventive works; and/or associated with the production and expression of cultural phenomena; and/or environments that have inspired such creative activities. Architectural styles and periods - colonial homestead-
8. Culture-Developing cultural institutions and ways of life Creative endeavour-Activities associated with the production and performance of literary, artistic, architectural and other imaginative, interpretive or inventive works; and/or associated with the production and expression of cultural phenomena; and/or environments that have inspired such creative activities. Architectural styles and periods - colonial homestead-
8. Culture-Developing cultural institutions and ways of life Creative endeavour-Activities associated with the production and performance of literary, artistic, architectural and other imaginative, interpretive or inventive works; and/or associated with the production and expression of cultural phenomena; and/or environments that have inspired such creative activities. Technological innovation and design solutions-
8. Culture-Developing cultural institutions and ways of life Creative endeavour-Activities associated with the production and performance of literary, artistic, architectural and other imaginative, interpretive or inventive works; and/or associated with the production and expression of cultural phenomena; and/or environments that have inspired such creative activities. Landscaping - Federation period-
8. Culture-Developing cultural institutions and ways of life Creative endeavour-Activities associated with the production and performance of literary, artistic, architectural and other imaginative, interpretive or inventive works; and/or associated with the production and expression of cultural phenomena; and/or environments that have inspired such creative activities. Adaptation of overseas design for local use-
8. Culture-Developing cultural institutions and ways of life Creative endeavour-Activities associated with the production and performance of literary, artistic, architectural and other imaginative, interpretive or inventive works; and/or associated with the production and expression of cultural phenomena; and/or environments that have inspired such creative activities. Adaptation of overseas design for local use-
8. Culture-Developing cultural institutions and ways of life Creative endeavour-Activities associated with the production and performance of literary, artistic, architectural and other imaginative, interpretive or inventive works; and/or associated with the production and expression of cultural phenomena; and/or environments that have inspired such creative activities. Interior design styles and periods - Colonial-
8. Culture-Developing cultural institutions and ways of life Creative endeavour-Activities associated with the production and performance of literary, artistic, architectural and other imaginative, interpretive or inventive works; and/or associated with the production and expression of cultural phenomena; and/or environments that have inspired such creative activities. Interior design styles and periods - Victorian-
8. Culture-Developing cultural institutions and ways of life Creative endeavour-Activities associated with the production and performance of literary, artistic, architectural and other imaginative, interpretive or inventive works; and/or associated with the production and expression of cultural phenomena; and/or environments that have inspired such creative activities. work of stonemasons-
8. Culture-Developing cultural institutions and ways of life Domestic life-Activities associated with creating, maintaining, living in and working around houses and institutions. Country estates - visiting, enjoying-
8. Culture-Developing cultural institutions and ways of life Domestic life-Activities associated with creating, maintaining, living in and working around houses and institutions. Ways of life 1900-1950-
8. Culture-Developing cultural institutions and ways of life Domestic life-Activities associated with creating, maintaining, living in and working around houses and institutions. Ways of life 1950-2000-
8. Culture-Developing cultural institutions and ways of life Domestic life-Activities associated with creating, maintaining, living in and working around houses and institutions. Ways of life 1788-1850-
8. Culture-Developing cultural institutions and ways of life Domestic life-Activities associated with creating, maintaining, living in and working around houses and institutions. Ways of life 1850-1900-
8. Culture-Developing cultural institutions and ways of life Domestic life-Activities associated with creating, maintaining, living in and working around houses and institutions. Ornamental Garden-
8. Culture-Developing cultural institutions and ways of life Domestic life-Activities associated with creating, maintaining, living in and working around houses and institutions. Valuing women's contributions-
8. Culture-Developing cultural institutions and ways of life Domestic life-Activities associated with creating, maintaining, living in and working around houses and institutions. Living in, adapting and renovating homes for changing conditions-
8. Culture-Developing cultural institutions and ways of life Domestic life-Activities associated with creating, maintaining, living in and working around houses and institutions. Living and working at home-
8. Culture-Developing cultural institutions and ways of life Domestic life-Activities associated with creating, maintaining, living in and working around houses and institutions. Living in a rural homestead-
8. Culture-Developing cultural institutions and ways of life Leisure-Activities associated with recreation and relaxation Outdoor relief-
8. Culture-Developing cultural institutions and ways of life Leisure-Activities associated with recreation and relaxation Bird watching-
8. Culture-Developing cultural institutions and ways of life Leisure-Activities associated with recreation and relaxation Gathering at landmark places to socialise-
8. Culture-Developing cultural institutions and ways of life Leisure-Activities associated with recreation and relaxation Going hunting and shooting-
8. Culture-Developing cultural institutions and ways of life Leisure-Activities associated with recreation and relaxation Activities associated with relaxation and recreation-
8. Culture-Developing cultural institutions and ways of life Leisure-Activities associated with recreation and relaxation Gardening-
8. Culture-Developing cultural institutions and ways of life Leisure-Activities associated with recreation and relaxation Visiting heritage places-
8. Culture-Developing cultural institutions and ways of life Leisure-Activities associated with recreation and relaxation Horse riding-
8. Culture-Developing cultural institutions and ways of life Leisure-Activities associated with recreation and relaxation Visiting gardens-
8. Culture-Developing cultural institutions and ways of life Leisure-Activities associated with recreation and relaxation Leisure-Includes tourism, resorts.
8. Culture-Developing cultural institutions and ways of life Social institutions-Activities and organisational arrangements for the provision of social activities Providing charity-
8. Culture-Developing cultural institutions and ways of life Social institutions-Activities and organisational arrangements for the provision of social activities Fund-raising activities for community charities-
8. Culture-Developing cultural institutions and ways of life Social institutions-Activities and organisational arrangements for the provision of social activities Community organisations-
8. Culture-Developing cultural institutions and ways of life Social institutions-Activities and organisational arrangements for the provision of social activities Belonging to an historical society or heritage organisation-
8. Culture-Developing cultural institutions and ways of life Social institutions-Activities and organisational arrangements for the provision of social activities Places of informal community gatherings-
8. Culture-Developing cultural institutions and ways of life Social institutions-Activities and organisational arrangements for the provision of social activities Joining together to study and appreciate philosophy-
8. Culture-Developing cultural institutions and ways of life Social institutions-Activities and organisational arrangements for the provision of social activities Developing local clubs and meeting places-
9. Phases of Life-Marking the phases of life Persons-Activities of, and associations with, identifiable individuals, families and communal groups Associations with James Atkinson, gentleman farmer-
9. Phases of Life-Marking the phases of life Persons-Activities of, and associations with, identifiable individuals, families and communal groups Associations with Louisa Atkinson, author artist and botanist-
9. Phases of Life-Marking the phases of life Persons-Activities of, and associations with, identifiable individuals, families and communal groups Associations with Charlotte Atkinson (nee Waring), Macarthur family governess, children's book author, farmer-

Recommended management:

Recommendations

Management CategoryDescriptionDate Updated
Recommended ManagementProduce a Conservation Management Plan (CMP) 
Recommended ManagementCarry out an Archaeological Assessment 
Recommended ManagementPrepare a maintenance schedule or guidelines 
Recommended ManagementCarry out interpretation, promotion and/or education 

Procedures /Exemptions

Section of actDescriptionTitleCommentsAction date
57(2)Exemption to allow workHeritage Act General garden and farm maintenance


Order Under Section 57(2) to exempt the following activities from Section 57(1):
(1) The maintenance of any building or item on the site where maintenance means the continuous protective care of existing material; and
(2) Garden maintenance including cultivation, pruning, weed control, the repair and maintenance of existing fences, gates and garden walls and and tree surgery but not extensive lopping.
(3) Horticultural and agricultural management, including pasture improvement and stock grazing (in areas outside the garden enclosure) and the eradication of noxious plants and animals.
(4) Maintenance and repair of existing farm fences, dams, water storage facilities, water reticulation systems and access roads. 		Nov 7 1986
57(2)Exemption to allow workStandard Exemptions ORDER UNDER SECTION 57(2) OF THE HERITAGE ACT 1977

Standard exemptions for engaging in or carrying out activities / works otherwise prohibited by section 57(1) of the Heritage Act 1977.

I, the Hon James Griffin MP, Minister for Environment and Heritage, pursuant to subsection 57(2) of the Heritage Act 1977, on the recommendation of the Heritage Council of New South Wales do by this Order, effective at the time of publication in the New South Wales Government Gazette:

1. revoke the order made on 9 November 2020 and published in the Government Gazette Number 318 of 13 November 2020; and

2. grant the exemptions from subsection 57(1) of the Heritage Act 1977 that are described in the attached Schedule.

The Hon James Griffin MP
Minister for Environment and Heritage
Signed this 2nd day of June 2022.

To view the standard exemptions for engaging in or carrying out activities / works otherwise prohibited by section 57(1) of the Heritage Act 1977 click on the link below. 		Jun 17 2022

PDF Standard exemptions for engaging in or carrying out activities / works otherwise prohibited by section 57(1) of the Heritage Act 1977

Listings

Heritage ListingListing TitleListing NumberGazette DateGazette NumberGazette Page
Heritage Act - State Heritage Register 0048802 Apr 99 271546
Heritage Act - Permanent Conservation Order - former 0048807 Nov 86 1755473
State Environmental Planning PolicyIllawarra REP 01 Jan 96   
Local Environmental Plan  12 Jan 90   
Register of the National Estate  21 Mar 78   

Study details

TitleYearNumberAuthorInspected byGuidelines used
Wingecarribee Heritage Survey1991 JRC Planning Services  No

References, internet links & images

TypeAuthorYearTitleInternet Links
WrittenAitken, Richard2002'Villa Garden' (entry) View detail
WrittenCantlon, Maurice1981Homesteads of Southern New South Wales 1830-1900
WrittenCrittendon, Victor1996‘Louisa Atkinson as Dianella – Louisa Atkinson’s Art, Botany and Writings’, in Australian Garden History, vol.7 no. 6, May/June 1996, 18-19
WrittenElliott, Tim2021How a small regional community beat a multinational coal giant View detail
WrittenMaguire, Moira2002'Atkinson, (Caroline) Louisa Waring (1834-72) entry
WrittenMuir, Marcie1908Charlotte Barton: Australia's First Children's Author
WrittenNational Trust of Australia (NSW) (James Broadbent for)1981Survey of Gardens in NSW
WrittenNottle, Trevor1985'Some gardening skills we are in danger of losing'
WrittenOldbury Farm (unattributed)2014Oldbury Farm
WrittenSimpson, Caroline (post-script, in facsimile edition of:) Nesta Griffiths, G.1976Oldbury
Writtenunattributed (David & Jane Newby)2016Oldbury Farm
Writtenunattributed text; Petrie, Tom (photos)1999'An American at Oldbury'
WrittenUtick, Dr. Stephen, Secretary, Camellia Ark Australia, email 3/11/20182018personal communication, 'Rare 19th century Camellias found during Garden History Conference weekend'
WrittenUtick, Stephen2019'Extraordinary Finds in the Southern Highlands (NSW) - October 2018 View detail

Note: internet links may be to web pages, documents or images.
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(Click on thumbnail for full size image and image details)

Data source

The information for this entry comes from the following source:
Name: Heritage NSW
Database number: 5045492
File number: S90/03617 & KHC 860994

Every effort has been made to ensure that information contained in the State Heritage Inventory is correct. If you find any errors or omissions please send your comments to the Database Manager.

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